Step 3 Meaning1. 過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某一時(shí)間來看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用在賓語從句中。一般由“would/should +動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望將來有一天他們能再見面。2. was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形: 表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常用于口語中, 表示預(yù)言、意圖或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期開始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用來表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, “剛要/正要做……”。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)不與任何時(shí)間狀語連用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某種可怕的事情即將發(fā)生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾計(jì)劃做某事”, 如果表示“本來計(jì)劃做某事, 動(dòng)作沒實(shí)現(xiàn)”, 則需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她說她本來想告訴我關(guān)于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等動(dòng)詞的過去進(jìn)行時(shí): 表示就過去某一時(shí)刻而言即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。She was coming later. 她隨后就來。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我剛穿上外套要去看我的一個(gè)朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說Who,其意思是問,對(duì)方想讓誰在開場(chǎng)時(shí)致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
1. 表示時(shí)間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí), 如所提供的動(dòng)詞不能和句子中的主語保持一致, 動(dòng)詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語, 通常由名詞或代詞來擔(dān)任, 這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
1.加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義文化建設(shè)的必要性在人類歷史的長河中,各種思想文化總是相互沖擊、交匯、融合.奔騰向前,永不停息。今天,我們面對(duì)的文化有傳統(tǒng)的和現(xiàn)代的、外來的和本土的、進(jìn)步的和落后的、先進(jìn)的和腐朽的、積極的和頹廢的,等等。各種各樣的文化有吸納又有排斥,有融合又有斗爭,有滲透又有抵御,呈現(xiàn)出前所未有的相互交織、相互激蕩之勢(shì)。在這種文化發(fā)展的大背景下,在我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)過程中,有必要弘揚(yáng)我國社會(huì)主義的主流文化,這樣有利于保證我國社會(huì)主義文化發(fā)展的方向。2.大力加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義文化建設(shè)(1)中國特色社會(huì)主義文化在我國文化生活中處于主導(dǎo)地位。中國特色社會(huì)主義文化,始終堅(jiān)持以科學(xué)的理論武裝人,以正確的輿論引導(dǎo)人,以高尚的精神塑造人,以優(yōu)秀的作品鼓舞人,無論是思想內(nèi)容還是表現(xiàn)形式,都發(fā)揮著強(qiáng)有力的導(dǎo)向和示范作用。社會(huì)主義文化以其自身的科學(xué)性和先進(jìn)性,并依靠社會(huì)主義政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)力量,在人民大眾的文化生活中始終占據(jù)著主導(dǎo)地位。
(2)歷史課本中歷朝歷代的文化發(fā)展。(3)政治生活中關(guān)于綜合國力競爭的相關(guān)知識(shí)。(4)了解文化產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,深入體會(huì)知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象。五、【方法點(diǎn)津】:(1)堅(jiān)持理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際的方法,感悟文化現(xiàn)象,理解文化內(nèi)涵,分析文化的作用,增強(qiáng)文化學(xué)習(xí)的自覺性。(2)自學(xué)探究。以課本的簡單提示為線索,深入探究文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治的相互交融,探究文化在綜合國力競爭中的地位和作用。(3)集體討論。針對(duì)當(dāng)前國際競爭的實(shí)質(zhì),探討我國應(yīng)如何發(fā)展文化產(chǎn)業(yè)、發(fā)展文化生產(chǎn)力、增強(qiáng)文化競爭力;討淪為更好地應(yīng)對(duì)文化競爭,作為中學(xué)生目前應(yīng)做好哪些準(zhǔn)備。六、【課文導(dǎo)語】:文化,一個(gè)我們十分熟悉的詞匯。然而“熟知并非真知”。有人說,文化是知識(shí);有人說,文化是藝術(shù)。究竟什么是“文化”?只要在社會(huì)生活中細(xì)細(xì)體味,我們就能真切地感悟“文化”的內(nèi)涵與文化的力量。
3.社會(huì)實(shí)踐對(duì)文化創(chuàng)新的決定作用社會(huì)實(shí)踐對(duì)文化創(chuàng)新具有兩個(gè)方面的重要作用:(1)社會(huì)實(shí)踐是文化創(chuàng)新的源泉實(shí)踐,作為人們改造客觀世界的活動(dòng),是一種有目的、有意識(shí)的社會(huì)性活動(dòng)。人類在改造自然和社會(huì)的實(shí)踐中,創(chuàng)造出自己特有的文化。離開了社會(huì)實(shí)踐;文化就會(huì)成為無源之水、無本之木,人們不可能從事任何有價(jià)值的文化創(chuàng)造?!蟊菊n小結(jié):1.關(guān)于本課邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)的宏觀把握:文化創(chuàng)新的源泉和作用這一問題,教材分三個(gè)層次展開論證:一是不盡的源泉,不竭的動(dòng)力;二是巨大的作用,深刻的意義;三是呼喚文化創(chuàng)新的時(shí)代。教材運(yùn)用辯證方法從文化創(chuàng)新的源泉和作用展開論述。即社會(huì)實(shí)踐是文化創(chuàng)新的源泉,文化創(chuàng)新又推動(dòng)社會(huì)實(shí)踐的發(fā)展和促進(jìn)民族文化的繁榮。教材關(guān)于文化創(chuàng)新的途徑問題,從三個(gè)層次展開講述:第一個(gè)層次是“繼承傳統(tǒng),推陳出新”;第二個(gè)層次是“面向世界,博采眾長”;第三個(gè)層次是“堅(jiān)持正確方向,克服錯(cuò)誤傾向”。
一、教材分析在初中階段,物理量單位的學(xué)習(xí)是學(xué)生較為困惑的問題之一。前面關(guān)于1N的規(guī)定給學(xué)生的印象總好像是有些隨意。尤其是牛頓、帕斯卡、安培、伏特、焦耳、瓦特等單位的規(guī)定。使得學(xué)生感動(dòng)物理太復(fù)雜。事實(shí)上,只有把單位制放在整個(gè)物理學(xué)框架中加以認(rèn)識(shí),并且知識(shí)有了一定的積累。經(jīng)歷了充分的學(xué)習(xí)過程后才能體會(huì)物理量單位的命名和使用規(guī)則。體會(huì)到其中對(duì)一些單位進(jìn)行規(guī)定的合理性和方便特征。物理學(xué)單位中,有很少幾個(gè)基本物理量,它們的單位就是基本單位。在進(jìn)行了這種選定之后,其它物理量的單位就是根據(jù)它的定義式,有所選擇的其他物理量的單位共同確定的。國際單位制的建立和使用,不僅方便了國際間的交流,也逐漸成為科學(xué)研究中計(jì)算和運(yùn)用的一種規(guī)范約束。中學(xué)生應(yīng)該注意學(xué)習(xí),逐步習(xí)慣,在記錄、表達(dá)和計(jì)算中規(guī)范使用。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(一)知識(shí)與技能1.了解什么是單位制,知道力學(xué)中的三個(gè)基本單位;2.認(rèn)識(shí)單位制在物理計(jì)算中的作用
【探究學(xué)習(xí)】引入新課教師活動(dòng):自從17世紀(jì)以來,以牛頓定律為基礎(chǔ)的經(jīng)典力學(xué)不斷發(fā)展,取得了巨大的成就,經(jīng)典力學(xué)在科學(xué)研究和生產(chǎn)技術(shù)中有了廣泛的應(yīng)用,從而證明了牛頓運(yùn)動(dòng)定律的正確性。但是,經(jīng)典力學(xué)也不是萬能的,向其它科學(xué)一樣,它也有一定的適用范圍,有自己的局限性。那么經(jīng)典力學(xué)在什么范圍內(nèi)適用呢?有怎樣的局限性呢?這節(jié)課我們就來了解這方面的知識(shí)。進(jìn)行新課教師活動(dòng):請(qǐng)同學(xué)們閱讀課文,閱讀時(shí)考慮下列問題[用投影片出示]:1、經(jīng)典力學(xué)取得了哪些輝煌的成就?舉例說明。2、經(jīng)典力學(xué)在哪些領(lǐng)域不能適用?能說出為什么嗎?舉例說明。3、經(jīng)典力學(xué)的適用范圍是什么?自己概括一下。4、相對(duì)論和量子力學(xué)的出現(xiàn)是否否定了牛頓的經(jīng)典力學(xué)?應(yīng)該怎樣認(rèn)識(shí)?5、怎樣理解英國劇作家蕭伯納的話“科學(xué)總是從正確走向錯(cuò)誤”?學(xué)生活動(dòng):閱讀教材,并思考上面的問題。分組討論,代表發(fā)言。點(diǎn)評(píng):讓學(xué)生通過自主閱讀獲取信息,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生閱讀理解能力,同時(shí)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的自學(xué)習(xí)慣。
請(qǐng)回答:根據(jù)上述材料,概述第二次工業(yè)革命興起的主要原因。〖參考答案〗①政治上,資本主義制度在世界范圍內(nèi)的確立,為第二次工業(yè)革命提供了政權(quán)保障。②市場(chǎng)上,世界市場(chǎng)進(jìn)一步拓展,推動(dòng)生產(chǎn)進(jìn)步發(fā)展。③科技上,19世紀(jì)自然科學(xué)的飛速發(fā)展與重大突破。④勞動(dòng)力上,擁有更多、素質(zhì)更好的自由勞動(dòng)力。⑤經(jīng)濟(jì)上,擁有更加雄厚的資本。探索攻關(guān)二:第二次工業(yè)革命與壟斷組織的出現(xiàn)的關(guān)系材料一第二次工業(yè)革命產(chǎn)生的新興工業(yè)部門,在廠房、設(shè)備、技術(shù)要求和產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性等方面,都對(duì)生產(chǎn)組織提出了新的要求。這是過去的獨(dú)家企業(yè)無法滿足的,而且一般沒有足夠的資金?!谑?,集中資金的合股公司迅速增加起來,起大型企業(yè)壟斷組織也就應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。
⑤強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)外關(guān)系的靈活性。戈?duì)柊蛦谭蛑赋鲈趯?duì)外政策中要采取多種辦法選擇不同的策略路線達(dá)到既定目標(biāo)。在外交談判中不要為自己制造死胡同,也不要給對(duì)方制造死胡同,要善于迎合伙伴,尋求接觸點(diǎn)。在這種思想指導(dǎo)下,蘇共采取的對(duì)外戰(zhàn)略是以軍控為中心的緩和戰(zhàn)略,具體政策是繼續(xù)與美國就裁軍、消減核武器、限制地區(qū)沖突等問題進(jìn)行談判,緩解蘇美關(guān)系;對(duì)西歐爭取建立“全歐大廈”;對(duì)東歐實(shí)行糾偏、不干涉政策;對(duì)中國改善關(guān)系,實(shí)現(xiàn)關(guān)系正?;徽{(diào)整與第三世界國家關(guān)系,解決阿富汗、柬埔寨等問題。 3、影響:①經(jīng)濟(jì)改革措施倉促上馬,缺少宏觀決策和相應(yīng)的配套措施;加上戈?duì)柊蛦谭驔]有放棄蘇聯(lián)的傳統(tǒng)做法,繼續(xù)優(yōu)先發(fā)展重工業(yè),致使改革未達(dá)到預(yù)期的效果,蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)下滑②經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革受挫后,把改革的重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向政治領(lǐng)域,最終導(dǎo)致國內(nèi)局勢(shì)的失控和蘇聯(lián)的解體。
氣候變化對(duì)健康的影響 氣候變化對(duì)人體健康的不良影響是不難發(fā)現(xiàn)的:熱浪沖擊頻繁加重可致死亡率及某些疾病、特別是心臟呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病發(fā)病率增加;對(duì)氣候變化敏感的傳染性疾病如瘧疾和登革熱的傳播范圍可能增加。極端氣候事件, 如干旱、水災(zāi)、暴風(fēng)雨等, 使死亡率、傷殘率及傳染病疾病率上升, 并增加社會(huì)心理壓力。某些媒介疾病的加重也可能與氣候變化有間接的關(guān)系, 如瘧疾是通過蚊子傳播的疾病,氣候變化可能使某些變暖地區(qū)的蚊子數(shù)目增加, 從而加重了瘧疾的發(fā)生。我國1994年瘧疾的發(fā)病率為5.3408/10萬, 居全國法定傳染病的第六位。血吸蟲病的發(fā)展與高溫及灌溉系統(tǒng)的擴(kuò)增有關(guān)。我國1994年南方12省市血吸蟲病患者的檢出率高達(dá)3.67%,不能忽視氣候變化對(duì)此的可能影響。還有一些疾病,如睡眠病、登革熱、黑熱病等也有與氣候關(guān)系的報(bào)道。另外, CO2、一些空氣污染物如氮氧化物、臭氧等可增加過敏疾患及心臟呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病和死亡。
一、明確課標(biāo)要求1.了解褶皺的概念和褶皺的基本形態(tài);2.了解褶皺山的形成和褶皺山的基本形態(tài)特征;3.能夠在不同的示意圖中識(shí)別和判讀背斜與向斜;4.知道和理解斷層的概念和斷塊山的形成,了解斷塊山的基本形態(tài)特征;5.知道火山的形成、結(jié)構(gòu)和規(guī)模。二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)知識(shí)目標(biāo):1.結(jié)合具體圖像,了解褶皺山的形成及基本形態(tài)特征。2.能在示意圖上識(shí)別和判斷背斜和向斜。3.理解內(nèi)外力共同作用下形成的“背斜成谷,向斜成山”,并能夠明白其形成的原因。4.能夠結(jié)合實(shí)例,理解斷塊山的形成及基本特征。5.知道火山的形成、結(jié)構(gòu)和規(guī)模。過程與方法目標(biāo):1.結(jié)合實(shí)例,分析造成地表形態(tài)變化的內(nèi)力、外力因素。2.通過案例,嘗試聯(lián)系實(shí)際,培養(yǎng)動(dòng)手演示、判讀圖像、比較、分析、歸納的能力。
【補(bǔ)充說明】我們這節(jié)課簡要地分析了陸地環(huán)境的三種地域分異規(guī)律。實(shí)際上,世界上的任何事物有其一般性,也有它的特 殊性。在地帶性分異規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上,陸地環(huán)境因?yàn)槭艿胶j懛植?、地?起伏等因素的影響,也會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些不規(guī)律的現(xiàn)象,這種現(xiàn)象稱為非地帶性。例如,我們?cè)诔踔械乩碇袑W(xué)過綠洲。還記得什么叫綠洲嗎?再比如,在南美洲的西海岸(太平洋沿岸),有一條狹長的(熱帶)荒漠帶,而缺少熱帶草原帶,熱帶雨林帶主要是分布在赤道以北地區(qū)。這主要是受大的地形起伏的影響。因?yàn)槟厦乐尬鞑渴且涣懈叽蟮陌驳谒股矫},受其影響,兩邊的氣候狀況不同,所以就出現(xiàn)了分布規(guī)律不同的自然帶,這也是一種非地帶性現(xiàn)象?!究偨Y(jié)】有規(guī)律分布的自然帶構(gòu)成了全球和諧的自然環(huán)境整體。自然帶之間錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的、微妙的要素關(guān)系,有許多是人類還沒有認(rèn)識(shí)到的。因此,人類不能隨意去破壞任何哪怕是極微小的環(huán)節(jié),也許它 帶來的影響會(huì)是全球性的。保護(hù)全球環(huán)境,人人有責(zé)。
一、知識(shí)和技能1.使學(xué)生能夠正確認(rèn)識(shí)太陽的基本特征及其外部結(jié)構(gòu);2.了解太陽能量的來源,理解太陽是地球的主要能量源;3.了解太陽活動(dòng)(主要是黑子和耀斑)對(duì)地球的影響。二、過程和方法1.能通過展示的圖片理解太陽活動(dòng)增強(qiáng)時(shí)會(huì)使地球無線電短波通訊受干擾及產(chǎn)生磁暴現(xiàn)象的原因。2.通過對(duì)各種資料的觀察以及課前室外的觀測(cè),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獲取地理信息的能力和分析、判斷、推理等邏輯思維能力三、情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀培養(yǎng)學(xué)生樹立正確的人地觀、科學(xué)的宇宙觀,和熱愛科學(xué)勇于探索的精神【教學(xué)重點(diǎn)】1.知道太陽輻射對(duì)地球的影響; 2.知道太陽活動(dòng)對(duì)地球的影響;3.太陽的外部結(jié)構(gòu)和能量來源【教學(xué)難點(diǎn)】太陽活動(dòng)(黑子和耀斑)對(duì)地球的影響
1.根據(jù)下面的圖文資料,說明前蘇聯(lián)墾荒區(qū)土壤風(fēng)蝕的潛在自然背景。并說明人們的生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)怎樣加劇了這個(gè)過程。點(diǎn)撥:對(duì)圖2.16的分析,要知道”墾荒地區(qū)”處于亞歐大 陸的中部偏北的地方,雖處于西風(fēng)帶但遠(yuǎn)離水汽來源,故降水稀少。從其周邊的內(nèi)陸湖“里?!?、“咸?!钡姆植继攸c(diǎn),可以推斷,這是一個(gè)半荒漠向干草原的過渡地帶,是一個(gè)生態(tài)環(huán)境比較脆弱的地區(qū),其自然地理狀況必定是寒冷、干旱、大風(fēng)。2.20世紀(jì)60年代中期以來,前蘇聯(lián)在總結(jié)大規(guī)模墾荒經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)的基礎(chǔ)上,采取了一系列綜合防護(hù)措施。仔細(xì)分析這些措施,你認(rèn)為該地區(qū)防治荒漠化(土壤風(fēng)蝕)的主要方向是什么?點(diǎn)撥:要善于將所列四項(xiàng)保護(hù)措施逐條進(jìn)行分析,而后進(jìn)行歸納,不難找出它們之間的共同的東西,那就是“抗旱、防風(fēng)、保水、保土、保肥”。3.根據(jù)所學(xué)知識(shí),你認(rèn)為前蘇聯(lián)墾荒區(qū)防治荒漠化的對(duì)策與措施可以被我國的哪些地區(qū)所借鑒。
從右圖“進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易占全國的比重”可看出,珠三角地區(qū)的外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)特征很明顯,但正在緩慢的發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變;而長三角地區(qū)的外貿(mào)依存度在10年內(nèi)迅速增長。由此可見,珠三角地區(qū)城市化過程,是伴隨著該地特殊的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相對(duì)自發(fā)地快速推進(jìn),缺乏宏觀而理性的規(guī)劃。閱讀通過此閱讀材料,使學(xué)生大致了解以下內(nèi)容深圳作為珠江三角洲地區(qū)迅速城市化的一個(gè)典型代表,到目前為止,對(duì)其未來發(fā)展道路的構(gòu)想,主要集中在:如何聯(lián)合和依托臨近區(qū)域、聯(lián)合優(yōu)勢(shì)資源,擴(kuò)大發(fā)展空間;如何明確功能,重新定位,合理分工,突出特色?;顒?dòng)長江三角洲地區(qū)城市的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展1.讀圖4.28,如果按人口規(guī)模>500萬人、100萬~500萬人、50萬~100萬人、20萬~50萬人和<20萬人將城市分為五級(jí)的話,分析長江三角洲地區(qū)城市的等級(jí)規(guī)模結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理,這對(duì)其城市的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展有何影響?