Step1:自主探究。1.(教材P52)Born(bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.2.(教材P52) Moved(move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”3.(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged(discourage).4.(教材P58)Encouraged(encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day.Step2:語法要點精析。用法1:過去分詞作表語1).過去分詞可放在連系動詞be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表語,表示主語所處的狀態(tài)Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor.湯姆很驚訝地看到一條蛇正爬過地板。Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys.終于嬰兒厭倦了玩那些玩具。注意:1).過去分詞作表語時與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語時,強調(diào)主語所處的狀態(tài);而動詞的被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者,強調(diào)動作。The library is now closed.(狀態(tài))圖書館現(xiàn)在關(guān)閉了。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.(動作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。2)感覺類及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài),常譯作“感到……的”;現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性,常譯作“令人……的”。
This lesson is about music. Students can classify the types of music through the instruments and its sound and can talk about their preferences about music, even join some activities and play a role in them according to their musical talents. On the basis, they are guided to use the languages to express their preferences and some plosive sounds and their rules.1. Classify the music types through the instruments and its sound.2. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons; talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and the rules.4. Join some activities and play a role in them according to the talents. 1. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons;2. talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and incomplete plosives and its rules.Step 1 Lead inPoint at the pictures on P50 and ask Q1: What are the people doing in the pictures below?Q2: What kind of music they are?Then play the MP3s one by oneStep 2 ListeningTask 1: A reporter from the school newspaper is interviewing students about music. Listen to the interviews. Draw lines between the words to make complete sentences. Some words will not be used.
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1:What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
This section focuses on "learning about experiencing music Online". This virtual choir is a new form of music performance. Members from all over the world don't need to love to come to a place. Instead, they use the new technology to model the various parts and wonderful virtual harmony group of music in the family. Students need to understand the main meaning of each paragraph. Finding topic sentences is an important way to understand the general idea of a paragraph. After the topic sentence, it is usually the detail sentence that supports and explains the topic sentence. Some paragraphs have obvious subject sentences, for example, the first sentence of the second paragraph is the subject sentence of the paragraph, and the following sentenceStudents need to pay attention to the topic sentences and key sentences, and then pay attention to how the sentences after the meaning explain, explain and support the topic sentences or key sentences before.1.Guide students to learn about experiencing music online2.Guide students to scan and circle the information in the text.3.Guide students to find the numbers and dates to fill in the timeline.4.Guide students to learn more about music by completing the sentences with the correct forms of the words and phrases. And then make a mind map about the outline of the passage.1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the main meaning of each paragraph and understand the narrative characteristics of "timeline” in illustrative style.3. Lead students to understand the changes that have been caused by the Internet.
The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?
(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我們已經(jīng)聆聽了許多精彩的發(fā)言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因為我們希望全世界各國團結(jié)起來去應(yīng)對……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我們不采取行動……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意對于……表達的擔(dān)心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 讓我們告訴全世界,通過一起努力我們可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是時候我們……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感謝你們和我共度這一天。實踐演練:假如你是高中生李華,你校將舉辦一次以“音樂”為主題的演講比賽,請你按照主題,寫下你的演講稿。注意:詞數(shù)100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!
(5)be to do (可以和具體的時間狀語連用)①表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作。②用于時間、條件狀語從句中,表示“如果要……,想要……”。The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow. 明天學(xué)生們將在學(xué)校大門口集會。 If you are to succeed, you must work as hard as possible. 如果你想要成功,比必須努力工作。(6)be about to do (不與具體的時間狀語連用) 表示即將要發(fā)生的動作。We are about to start. 我們就要出發(fā)了。The new school year is about to begin. 新學(xué)年開學(xué)在即。(7)一般現(xiàn)在時表將來①表示按時間表規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動作。常限于表示位置移動的短暫性動詞。②在時間、條件或讓步狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes off at 18:20. 你看看時刻表,快點!4026次航班的起飛時間是下午6點20分。Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour. 簡很匆忙,因為去機場的火車半小時后出發(fā)。
This theme of the part is “ Describe people or things in greater detail”. Students have learned the grammar(restrictive relative clauses) in Book 1, and further review and consolidate its structure “prep+relative pronouns(which/whom)” and the relative adverbs(when, where and why), besides students should understand its form, meaning and functions. In this section, students should be able to express the grammar correctly in daily communication and in the writing. 1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses . 2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn to write sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses .2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn tow rite sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and mark the relative pronouns and the adverbs. 1. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problems, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help.2. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.Step 2 PracticePlease complete these sentences with relative pronouns and relative adverbs and answer the following questions.Questions: 1. What is the head noun ?2. What relative words should be used ?3. What elements do they act in these sentences ?
This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?
(1)繼承是發(fā)展的前提,發(fā)展是繼承的必然要求。 (2)在繼承的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展,在發(fā)展的過程中繼承。 7、影響文化發(fā)展的重要因素(1).社會制度的更替會對文化發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重要影響。(2).科學(xué)技術(shù)的進步會對文化發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重要影響??茖W(xué)技術(shù)的進步,是促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要因素,也是推動文化發(fā)展的重要因素。自古以來,科學(xué)技術(shù)中每一項重大發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)明都推動了人類社會的經(jīng)濟、文化的發(fā)展。(例如:當(dāng)代信息技術(shù))(3).思想運動對文化發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重要影響思想運動往往成為社會變革的先導(dǎo),不同思想在思想運動中相互激蕩,不但催生著社會變革,也促進了文化的發(fā)展。(4)、教育在文化傳承中的重要作用教育是人類特有的傳承文化的能動性活動,具有選擇、傳遞、創(chuàng)造文化的特定功能,在人的教化與培育上始終扮演著重要的角色。隨著教育方式的不斷變革,教育在人類文化的傳承中將產(chǎn)生越來越大的影響。
◇探究提示:我們可以通過人際交往,閱讀報紙、雜志、書籍等,欣賞電視、上網(wǎng)查詢、發(fā)送手機短信、閱讀電子讀物等方式來搜集資料。其特點為:人際傳播是社會生活中最直觀、最常見、最豐富的傳播現(xiàn)象,具有傳播渠道多、方法靈活、意義豐富、反饋及時的特點。報紙、雜志、書籍等,可以通過掃描、編排處理后,顯示在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上,供廣大讀者使用。電視提供了動態(tài)畫面和繽紛的色彩,使人們對信息的理解變得更生動、形象和真實?;ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)具有傳播同網(wǎng)、全球同時、受眾主動、雙向互動的特點。手機短信用精練的語言傳達豐富多彩的內(nèi)容,不僅具有娛樂性,還具有情感性、藝術(shù)性耙哲理性,讓人回味無窮。電子讀物實現(xiàn)了文字、圖像、聲音的完關(guān)結(jié)合,使人在看圖閱文的同時可以聽音樂、寫文章、做筆記、復(fù)制文件等等。
◇探究提示:(1)孔子思想體系的核心是“仁’’和“禮”,其主要內(nèi)容是“仁者愛人”和“克己復(fù)禮”。孔子提出“仁”的學(xué)說,要求統(tǒng)治者體察民情,反對苛政和任意刑殺;提倡廣泛地理解、體貼他人,以此調(diào)整人際關(guān)系,穩(wěn)定社會秩序??鬃又v的“克己復(fù)禮”,是說做人要克制自己,使自己的行為符合‘‘禮’’的要求。(2)老子認為“道”是凌駕于天之上的天地萬物的本原,他提出‘‘天法道,道法自然”的思想。老子從“天道自然無為”的思想出發(fā),倡導(dǎo)政治上“無為而治”,以“無事取天下”。老子哲學(xué)中包含著豐富的辯證法思想,他指出,任何事物都有矛盾、對立的兩個方面,矛盾雙方可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化。(3)墨子主張“兼愛”“非攻”,“兼愛”就是無等差的愛,無論任何人,都不分輕重厚??;“非攻”就是反對不義的兼并戰(zhàn)爭,主張各國和平相處。(4)韓非子崇尚法,強調(diào)法的重要性,主張法、術(shù)、勢相結(jié)合,建立一個君主專制的中央集權(quán)國家,要求人人必須遵守法;韓非子還認為社會不斷發(fā)展變化,歷史永遠不會倒退,主張變法革新。
8、文化傳播的含義:文化交流的過程,就是文化傳播的過程。 人們通過一定的方式傳遞知識、信息、觀念、情感和信仰,以及與此相關(guān)的所有社會交往活動,都可視為文化傳播。9、文化傳播的途徑(1)商業(yè)活動。商人進行貿(mào)易活動時,不僅通過商品交換將商品中蘊涵的豐富文化加以交流,而且通過人與人之間的交往過程交流文化。(2)人口遷徙。每一次大規(guī)模的人口遷徙,都意味著大規(guī)模的文化傳播,都會對當(dāng)時當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟、政治、文化產(chǎn)生極大的影響。(3)教育教育是文化傳播的又一重要途徑。人們通過學(xué)習(xí)各種文化課程,能夠獲得不同的文化知識。文化傳播是教育的重要功能。10、大眾傳媒:現(xiàn)代文化傳播的手段現(xiàn)代社會中的傳媒有報刊、廣播、電視、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等多種形式,這類傳媒被稱為大眾傳媒。依托現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù),大眾傳媒能夠最大程度地超越時空的局限,匯集來自世界各地的信息,日益顯示出文化傳遞、溝通、共享的強大功能,已成為文化傳播的主要手段。
在當(dāng)時雅典的公民大會和陪審法庭上,人們常常要發(fā)表意見,要和自己的對手辯論,雅典法庭規(guī)定每個公民須替自己辯護,不許旁人代辯。所以出現(xiàn)了這樣一批專門教授人辯論、演說、修辭的技巧和參政知識的職業(yè)教師。①政治因素:雅典奴隸制民主政治發(fā)展到頂峰,成為希臘政治和文化中心。參與政治生活成為每個公民生活的重要內(nèi)容②古希臘工商業(yè)發(fā)展,奴隸制經(jīng)濟繁榮(在廣大奴隸的勞動基礎(chǔ)上,古希臘的經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展起來,為哲學(xué)的成長提供了物質(zhì)條件)——根本原因③人的地位的提高(民主政治制度和每個公民參與政治意識的加強,使人的中心地位日益突出)最后教師強調(diào):提示并強調(diào)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)時要注意理解“一定的文化是一定社會的政治和經(jīng)濟在觀念形態(tài)上的反映”。3、代表人物:普羅泰格拉4、研究領(lǐng)域:人和人類社會關(guān)注人與人之間的關(guān)系、社會組織、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣和倫理規(guī)范
民族精神是一個民族賴以生存和發(fā)展的精神支撐。一個民族,沒有振奮的精神和高尚的品格,不可能自立于世界民族之林。“鐵人”精神是“愛國、創(chuàng)業(yè)、求實、奉獻”的大慶精神的典型化、人格化。其主要方面包括:“為祖國分憂、為民族爭氣”的愛國主義精神;為“早日把中國石油落后的帽子甩到太平洋里去”,“寧肯少活二十年,拼命也要拿下大油田”的忘我拼搏精神;干事業(yè)“有條件要上,沒有條件創(chuàng)造條件也要上”的艱苦奮斗精神;“要為油田負責(zé)一輩子”,“干工作要經(jīng)得起子孫萬代檢查”,對工作精益求精,為革命“練一身硬功夫、真本事”的科學(xué)求實精神;不計名利,不計報酬,埋頭苦干的“老黃牛”精神;等等。40多年來,“鐵人”精神早已家喻戶曉,深入人心,成為大慶人的共同理想、信念和行為準則?!拌F人”精神是對王進喜崇高思想、優(yōu)秀品德的高度概括,體現(xiàn)了我國工人階級精神風(fēng)貌和中華民族傳統(tǒng)美德的完美結(jié)合?!拌F人”精神是戰(zhàn)勝困難、勇往直前、不斷取得新勝利的巨大精神力量?!拌F人”精神是我們強大的精神支柱。
(2)蒙古族音樂的最典型的代表就是馬頭琴,代表曲目《馬頭琴》。維吾爾古典樂曲《十二木卡姆八十二部大曲》,是維吾爾民間音樂向套曲形式發(fā)展的重大成果,也是一部維吾爾民間音樂和舞蹈完美結(jié)合的藝術(shù)瑰寶,它包括古典敘詠歌曲、民間敘事組歌、舞蹈樂曲和器樂曲340多首,長期流傳于南北疆各地。維吾爾族的古老樂器是彈布爾,主要曲目為《烏扎勒》。哈薩克族著名的《瑪依拉)Ⅺ我的花兒》已成為國內(nèi)乃至國際聲樂壇上經(jīng)常演唱的曲目。2.多民族文化對中華文化的意義此知識點教材從四個方面分析:第一,分析民族文化與中華文化關(guān)系;第二,分析了民族文化的地位;第蘭,分析r民族文化之問的關(guān)系;第四,總結(jié)其意義。(1)中華民族是多民族的共同體,中華文化呈現(xiàn)多種民族文化的豐富色彩。中華各民族的文化,既有中華文化的共性,義有各自的民族特性。(2)地位。它們都足中華文化的瑰寶,都是中華民族的驕傲。(3)各民族文化的關(guān)系。各兒弟民族文化相互交融、相互促進,共同創(chuàng)造中華文化。
(三)、中華之瑰寶.民族之驕傲1.我國各具特色的民族文化異彩紛呈.都為中華文化的形成和發(fā)展做出了重要貢獻(1)我國的雕刎建筑藝術(shù)是各族人民共同創(chuàng)造的,都是中華文化的瑰寶。例如:敦煌石窟、云岡石窟;克孜爾千佛洞等,是古代的漢族、鮮卑以及西域各族的藝術(shù)家和勞動人民共同創(chuàng)造的。(2)許多少數(shù)民族用自己的語言文字創(chuàng)造了優(yōu)秀的民族文學(xué)。例如:藏族的《格薩爾王傳》、蒙古族的《江格爾》和柯爾克孜族的《瑪納斯》被并為三大英雄史詩。◇注意:民族文化深深地體現(xiàn)著各民族的風(fēng)俗和精神面貌,通過一定的物質(zhì)展現(xiàn),可以表現(xiàn)在建筑、民族文學(xué)、舞蹈、習(xí)俗、信仰、衣著等方方面面?!簏c撥:“相關(guān)鏈接”中提到的《江格爾)是蒙古族衛(wèi)拉特郝英雄史詩。史詩的篇幸結(jié)構(gòu)、故事情節(jié)、語言風(fēng)格等具有蒙古族說唱藝術(shù)的特點。從民族文學(xué)角度反映了本民族的文化生活.同時也為中華文化增添了絢麗色彩?!笳n堂探究:(1)你還知道哪蝗少數(shù)民族舞蹈?它們務(wù)有什么特點?
(一)知識目標(1)識記中華 文化源遠流長的主要見證是文字和史學(xué)典籍 ,文字的作用、意義 ,史學(xué)典籍 ,中華文化的包容性。(2)說明中華文化源遠流長的發(fā)展過程,是世界上唯一沒有中斷的文明 ,漢字與史學(xué)典籍是中華文化源遠流長和見證,如何再創(chuàng)中華文化新的輝煌(3)分析說明中華文化源遠流長,是當(dāng)今世界上唯一沒有中斷的文明(二)能力目標通過學(xué)生課外探究、信息資源的收集整合,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的信息素養(yǎng)、實踐能力,激發(fā)學(xué)生的生活智慧與學(xué)習(xí)智慧、時代創(chuàng)新精神與團隊合作精神。培養(yǎng)同學(xué)們綜合思維能力,全面、辯證、歷史地分析中華文化的基本特征。培養(yǎng)同學(xué)們辯證分析能力,辨析中華文化的區(qū)域特征,說明中華文化是中國各族人民共同創(chuàng)造的;展現(xiàn)源遠流長的中華文化是中華民族延續(xù)和發(fā)展的重要標識。
3、探究四:課本P115《民族的科學(xué)的大眾的號角》提出問題:為什么說中國特色社會主義文化是“民族的”、科學(xué)的”、“大眾的”?老師引導(dǎo),學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí),共同合作歸納出:民族的:代表和維護中華民族的根本利益,淵源于中華民族五千多年文明,植根于中國社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的實踐是先進文化的立身之本。科學(xué)的:以馬克思主義為指導(dǎo),積極吸收了所有的科學(xué)的、進步思想的思想文化。大眾的:植根于中國最廣大人民群眾的社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的實踐,體現(xiàn)和滿足人民群眾不同的層次的精神需求。4、通過視頻舞蹈《較量》,創(chuàng)設(shè)情景(1.>只選了中國傳統(tǒng)的哪類樂器?意圖是什么?2、>與你剛才所看到的軍人舞蹈有何區(qū)別,它最特殊的魅力在哪里?),點拔學(xué)生比較、分析,引入下一環(huán)節(jié)。5、溫故知新:結(jié)合以上探究及視頻,共同探討:在當(dāng)代中國,我們應(yīng)該建設(shè)什么樣的先進文化? 怎樣建設(shè)中國特色社會主義文化?
②在經(jīng)濟上:資本主義經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生并發(fā)展,產(chǎn)生工業(yè)革命,開始沖擊封建自然經(jīng)濟。③思想上:繼文藝復(fù)興后產(chǎn)生啟蒙運動,人們的思想觀念更加開放,動搖了封建統(tǒng)治的思想,沖擊封建統(tǒng)治,人們的民族、民主意識增強。④在文化上:近代自然科學(xué)蓬勃發(fā)展,奠定近代自然科學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)。⑤隨著新航路的開辟,工業(yè)革命開展,西方國家展開殖民掠奪與,各大洲之間相對孤立狀態(tài)被打破,世界日益成為一個相互影響、聯(lián)系緊密的整體。(2)①清朝統(tǒng)治者極力提供程朱理學(xué),殘酷壓抑進步思想.中國思想界“萬馬齊喑”,死氣沉沉。②中國傳統(tǒng)科技進入總結(jié)時期,現(xiàn)代科技水平落后,日益落在世界潮流后面;③人們封建落后意識濃厚.民族、民主意識薄弱。④以中因為中心的東亞文化圈浙漸稿失。⑤西學(xué)大量傳入中田,西學(xué)東漸現(xiàn)象不斷發(fā)晨,沖擊中國傳統(tǒng)思想文化。(3)①國家衰落使文化失去發(fā)展的政治、經(jīng)濟條件,加速了文化的衰落。國家衰落是文化衰落的決定性因素。②文化衰落是國家衰落的重要表現(xiàn),反映了國家衰落.不利于國家發(fā)展。