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新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 4 History and traditions教案
這個地區(qū)有著深厚的傳統(tǒng)。既學既練：為了讓更多的外國游客了解中國文化，欣賞中國美麗的自然風光，感受中國發(fā)生的巨大變化，某外文雜志社將出版一本英語小冊子來介紹中國的旅游景點。該雜志社邀請你為該小冊子寫一篇英語短文來介紹杭州，內(nèi)容包括：1．杭州的位置(中國東南部)、面積(16 000多平方公里)及歷史(2 200多年)等；2．杭州的旅游特色(自然風景、傳統(tǒng)文化、特色小吃等)；3．希望更多的游客來杭州參觀。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city．Dating back more than 2，200 years, Hangzhou covers an area of more than 16，000 square kilometers．In Hangzhou, you can visit the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating．In addition, you can’t miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions．In Hangzhou, the special snacks are famous and visitors from different parts of the world think highly of them．As a tourist attraction, Hangzhou attracts a large number of visitors from home and abroad every year．Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a scenic spot you can’t miss．
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Discovering Useful Structures教案二
4. When he got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.P·P as adverbial: _________________________________________________________________.Function: _______________________________________________________________________.Step 5 Solid Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.Well known as a successful band, the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities. They never ever give up. When _____________(question) by the media, they are not _____________(discourage) and practise even harder. They are improving themselves by attending several master training class. They are united. _____________(fill with) team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory. Step 6 Difference and similarity from -ingObserve the following examples.1. He went out, shutting the door behind him.=He went out, ________________________________________________________.2. Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.=__________________________________________, he went to his parents for help.Similarity: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Difference : _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Step Practice1. ________ in a hurry, this article was not so good. 因為寫得匆忙, 這篇文章不是很好。2. ________ carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before. 他仔細讀書時, 發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些從前不知道的東西。3. ________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 當被問及他為什么要這么做時, 班長說這是他的職責
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Listening＆Speaking＆Talking教案
choir memberspeople to run food stands people to sell festival ticketspeople to sell music CDspeople to set up equipmentmusical performersStep 2: Listen to the announcement again and answer the questions. ? 1. What kind of songs will Grace Davis sing at the festival?? 2. Who can try out as a performer?? 3. What can those who think they do not have musical talent do?? 4. How can students volunteer to take part?? Talking about preferences:? Would you prefer doing ..?? What would you prefer to do?? Would you rather do .... or ….?? What would you rather do?? I'd prefer .... to ..? I'd rather have ... than .. Step 3: Speaking ProjectWork in groups. Role-play the conversation or make a new one.? Debbie: Where have you been? You missed the announcement about the music festival.? John: I was at the doctor's office. Music festival?? Frank: Yes, it's going to be next month on the school sports field. John, you can play the piano. How about playing it at the festival?? John: Well, I'd rather play the violin. I can play Liang Zhu.? Frank: Wow! Sounds good. What about you, Debbie? ? Debbie: Actually, I don't have much musical ability. I'd prefer just to help out with the crowds.? Frank: You can sell tickets or work at a food stand.? John: So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money?? Debbie: Yes. All of the money will go to charity.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Listening and Speaking教案
This lesson is about music. Students can classify the types of music through the instruments and its sound and can talk about their preferences about music, even join some activities and play a role in them according to their musical talents. On the basis, they are guided to use the languages to express their preferences and some plosive sounds and their rules.1. Classify the music types through the instruments and its sound.2. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons; talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and the rules.4. Join some activities and play a role in them according to the talents. 1. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons;2. talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and incomplete plosives and its rules.Step 1 Lead inPoint at the pictures on P50 and ask Q1: What are the people doing in the pictures below?Q2: What kind of music they are?Then play the MP3s one by oneStep 2 ListeningTask 1: A reporter from the school newspaper is interviewing students about music. Listen to the interviews. Draw lines between the words to make complete sentences. Some words will not be used.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Reading and Thinking教案二
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1：Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1：What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1：Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Reading and Thinking教案一
This section focuses on "learning about experiencing music Online". This virtual choir is a new form of music performance. Members from all over the world don't need to love to come to a place. Instead, they use the new technology to model the various parts and wonderful virtual harmony group of music in the family. Students need to understand the main meaning of each paragraph. Finding topic sentences is an important way to understand the general idea of a paragraph. After the topic sentence, it is usually the detail sentence that supports and explains the topic sentence. Some paragraphs have obvious subject sentences, for example, the first sentence of the second paragraph is the subject sentence of the paragraph, and the following sentenceStudents need to pay attention to the topic sentences and key sentences, and then pay attention to how the sentences after the meaning explain, explain and support the topic sentences or key sentences before.1.Guide students to learn about experiencing music online2.Guide students to scan and circle the information in the text.3.Guide students to find the numbers and dates to fill in the timeline.4.Guide students to learn more about music by completing the sentences with the correct forms of the words and phrases. And then make a mind map about the outline of the passage.1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the main meaning of each paragraph and understand the narrative characteristics of "timeline” in illustrative style.3. Lead students to understand the changes that have been caused by the Internet.
新人教版高中英語必修1Unit 2 Travelling Around-Discovering Useful Structure教案
（5）be to do （可以和具體的時間狀語連用）①表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作。②用于時間、條件狀語從句中，表示“如果要……，想要……”。The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow. 明天學生們將在學校大門口集會。 If you are to succeed, you must work as hard as possible. 如果你想要成功，比必須努力工作。（6）be about to do （不與具體的時間狀語連用） 表示即將要發(fā)生的動作。We are about to start. 我們就要出發(fā)了。The new school year is about to begin. 新學年開學在即。（7）一般現(xiàn)在時表將來①表示按時間表規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動作。常限于表示位置移動的短暫性動詞。②在時間、條件或讓步狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes off at 18:20. 你看看時刻表，快點！4026次航班的起飛時間是下午6點20分。Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour. 簡很匆忙，因為去機場的火車半小時后出發(fā)。
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 1 Cultural Heritage-Reading and Thinking教案二
1. This section focuses on "Understanding how a problem was solved”, which is aimed to guide students to analyze and discuss the challenges and problems faced by cultural heritage protection during the construction of Aswan Dam, as well as the solutions. On the basis of understanding, students should pay attention to the key role of international cooperation in solving problems, and attach importance to the balance and coordination between cultural heritage protection and social and economic development. Students are encouraged to face challenges actively, be good at cooperation, and make continuous efforts to find reasonable ways and means to solve problems.2. Enable students to understand the main information and text structure of the reading text;3. Motivate students to use the reading strategy "make a timeline" according to the appropriate text genre;4. Enable students to understand how a problem was solved;5. Enable students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the topic language about protecting cultural relics and understand the narrative characteristics of "time-event" in illustrative style3. Lead students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Reading and Thinking教案二
Q5：What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6：What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Reading For Writing教案一
⑦identity theft 身份盜竊⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 張貼尷尬照片 【話題句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在網(wǎng)上保持安全, 避免在網(wǎng)上的不良經(jīng)歷? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是專家, 但作為一個博主, 我已經(jīng)學了好幾年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或讀到一些讓你覺得不舒服的東西, 立即離開這個網(wǎng)站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 別告訴別人你的地址或電話號碼。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盜竊是一個常見而嚴重的問題。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上網(wǎng)并不是無禮的借口, 你也不想成為發(fā)挑釁帖子的人或網(wǎng)絡(luò)惡霸的目標。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 發(fā)挑釁帖子的人經(jīng)常使用幾個假名, 這樣他們就可以留在一個網(wǎng)站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有禮貌, 你被攻擊的可能性就越小。
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Discovering Useful Structures教案一
Step1:自主探究。1．(教材P52)Born(bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988．2．(教材P52) Moved(move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time．”3．(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged(discourage)．4．(教材P58)Encouraged(encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day．Step2:語法要點精析。用法1：過去分詞作表語1）．過去分詞可放在連系動詞be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表語，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor．湯姆很驚訝地看到一條蛇正爬過地板。Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys．終于嬰兒厭倦了玩那些玩具。注意：1）.過去分詞作表語時與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語時，強調(diào)主語所處的狀態(tài)；而動詞的被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，強調(diào)動作。The library is now closed．(狀態(tài))圖書館現(xiàn)在關(guān)閉了。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday．(動作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。2）感覺類及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”；現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”。
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Reading For Writing教案一
(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我們已經(jīng)聆聽了許多精彩的發(fā)言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因為我們希望全世界各國團結(jié)起來去應對……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我們不采取行動……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意對于……表達的擔心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 讓我們告訴全世界，通過一起努力我們可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是時候我們……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感謝你們和我共度這一天。實踐演練：假如你是高中生李華，你校將舉辦一次以“音樂”為主題的演講比賽，請你按照主題，寫下你的演講稿。注意：詞數(shù)100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!
人教版高中歷史必修2物質(zhì)生活與習俗的變遷教案
★教學總結(jié)：（1）我國衣著服飾變化的三大階段第一階段（鴉片戰(zhàn)爭后到新中國的建立）：這一階段的階段特征為中式與西式、傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代服飾并存男裝：長袍馬褂、西裝、中山裝 女裝：旗袍（新式與舊式）第二階段（新中國建立后到十一屆三中全會）：這一時期由于政治上的影響，階段特征為衣著樸素，與革命相關(guān)的服飾成為主流男裝：列寧裝、中山裝、綠軍裝女裝：列寧裝、布拉基、綠軍裝第三階段（十一屆三中全會后）：階段特征為與世界接軌，異彩紛呈；具體表現(xiàn)在，服飾由最基本的防寒保暖向美觀大方轉(zhuǎn)變，各種款式的服裝層出不窮現(xiàn)在的服裝是色彩鮮艷、款式多樣，什么牛仔服、休閑服、西裝、T恤衫、晚禮服，真是不勝枚舉。每年服裝的流行色、流行款式不斷改變，大街上的姑娘和小伙子永遠領(lǐng)導著時裝新潮流。模特表演、模特廣告和模特大賽已成為人們穿著方面不可缺少的內(nèi)容。
人教版高中地理必修2工業(yè)的區(qū)位因素與區(qū)位選擇精品教案
思考：結(jié)合資料，看看“廣鋼”的搬遷還考慮到什么因素？主要從誰的角度去考慮？展示資料：廣鋼建于1958年，由于城市化進程的加快，原來地處偏僻的廣鋼一帶現(xiàn)已成鬧市，廣鋼因此給周邊帶來了許多不便，并屢被投訴,投訴的主要內(nèi)容是煙氣、粉塵超標。近日，《珠三角環(huán)境保護規(guī)劃綱要(草案)》(以下簡稱《綱要》)正式提交省人大常委會審議，按照《綱要》要求，2010年前，廣東省將關(guān)、停、并、轉(zhuǎn)、遷位于城市中心區(qū)高能耗、重污染的工業(yè)企業(yè)。學生討論：環(huán)保要素、政策要素……從市民、政府等社會角度去考慮板書：2、環(huán)保要素 3、政策的變化小結(jié)：影響工業(yè)區(qū)位選擇的因素很多，不同的工業(yè)區(qū)位選擇要考慮的主導因素可能是一個或幾個，應因地制宜，具體分析。并且影響區(qū)位選擇的因素隨著社會的發(fā)展而變化；社會、環(huán)境需要對工業(yè)區(qū)位也有一定的影響力。所以工業(yè)區(qū)位選擇是復雜的，應綜合考慮各種因素，以取得最大的經(jīng)濟、社會、環(huán)境綜合效益。學生活動：計算機模擬工業(yè)選址，看誰是最英明的決策者（通過實踐應用讓學生感受到工業(yè)的區(qū)位選擇應綜合考慮）
人教版高中地理必修2工業(yè)的區(qū)位因素與區(qū)位選擇教案
⑴ 原料、燃料對工業(yè)區(qū)位的影響逐漸減弱，市場對工業(yè)區(qū)位的影響逐漸加強； ⑵交通運輸條件對工業(yè)具有很大的吸引力，在沿海沿江港口、鐵路樞紐、高速公路沿線形成工業(yè)區(qū)；⑶信息通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的通達性作為工業(yè)區(qū)位的重要性越來越突出；⑷工業(yè)對勞動力技能的要求逐漸增強。再次顯示上表最后一項“各因素的發(fā)展變化”。由工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的一般過程中可以知道，工廠產(chǎn)出產(chǎn)品的同時，也產(chǎn)出廢氣、廢水、廢渣。這些廢棄物排入環(huán)境，會造成環(huán)境污染，危害人們的身體健康。隨著人們環(huán)境意識的增強，環(huán)境質(zhì)量已成為重要的區(qū)位因素。在工廠的區(qū)位選擇時，應以不污染當?shù)丨h(huán)境為佳，進行合理選擇。讀課本61頁圖4．6污染嚴重工業(yè)的區(qū)位選擇，思考以下問題：1、嚴重污染空氣的工廠布局時應考慮那些因素？2、嚴重污染水源的工廠布局時應考慮那些因素？3、對環(huán)境質(zhì)量要求高的工廠布局時應考慮那些因素？教師解析：對這一部分知識需要強記。講解要注意盛行風向，需結(jié)合必修一氣候一節(jié)將難點突破，可分中國大部分地區(qū)、西歐、印度半島等不同區(qū)域進行講解以加深印象。
人教版高中政治必修3文化與經(jīng)濟、政治教案2篇
1．在激烈的國際競爭中，美國為首“巴統(tǒng)”在對中國出口高科技產(chǎn)品的問題上采取了種種限制措施，以避免西方發(fā)達國家的高科技技術(shù)和設(shè)備流人中國。面對發(fā)達國家的技術(shù)封鎖，我們應該( )A．加速我國對外開放的步伐B．盡快改善與西方發(fā)達國家的關(guān)系C．努力提高自身的科技水平，增強本國的綜合國力D．立足于自力更生，努力開發(fā)所有的高科技技術(shù)，以免受制于人答案：C解析：在當今和未來的世界，經(jīng)濟是基礎(chǔ)，科技是龍頭。因而，發(fā)展經(jīng)濟和科學技術(shù)是世界大多數(shù)國家最關(guān)心的問題。各國之間的競爭越來越多地轉(zhuǎn)向經(jīng)濟和科技領(lǐng)域。各國都已經(jīng)清楚地認識到，能否在科技發(fā)展上取得優(yōu)勢，增強以經(jīng)；濟和科技為基礎(chǔ)的綜合國力，最終將決定本國在國際上的地位。受各種主客觀條件的限制，任何國家都不可能開發(fā)出自己所需要的所有技術(shù)，國家之間必須加強技術(shù)交流，互通有無，共同發(fā)展?！鞍徒y(tǒng)”對我國進行技術(shù)出口方面的限制是基于其敵視中國的戰(zhàn)略需要。為了打破西方國家的對我國的技術(shù)限制，我國必須從自身出發(fā)，提高自身的科技水平。
人教版高中政治必修3文化與經(jīng)濟、政治教案
另一方面，文化素質(zhì)影響公民政治權(quán)利的行使。隨著民主和法制建設(shè)的發(fā)展，人們?yōu)榱藚⑴c政治生活，需要更高的文化素養(yǎng)。文化水平提高了，人們受到的教育、接受的信息就越多，活動的領(lǐng)域就越廣，民主法制和權(quán)利意識就越強，這些都會影響人們的民主素質(zhì)和民主水平，使人們更好地進行政治參與，行使民主權(quán)利。(2)文化與國際政治相互交融，成為當代國際政治斗爭的重要內(nèi)容。隨著世界多極化的發(fā)展，奉行霸權(quán)主義的國家，借助文化滲透的方式，竭力推銷自己的價值觀念，企圖削弱和取代別國的民族文化，以推行強權(quán)政治。這使世界范圍內(nèi)反對文化霸權(quán)主義的斗爭，成為當代國際政治斗爭的重要內(nèi)容。文化已經(jīng)成為進行政治斗爭、國際斗爭的重要形式之一。對文化市場的爭奪不僅僅是爭奪票房價值、爭奪經(jīng)濟效益，更主要的是對受眾對象的爭奪，對受眾注意力這種特殊的稀缺資源的占有，以及在此基礎(chǔ)上對輿論的控制與引導。因此，失去文化市場就意味著失去政治優(yōu)勢，意味著政治影響力的邊緣化乃至萎縮或喪失。這一點，從目前世界正在進行的空前規(guī)模的“文化戰(zhàn)爭”，可以看得非常清楚。
人教版高中政治必修4價值與價值觀精品教案
一、教材分析我們使用的是人教版第四冊《生活與哲學》教材，本框?qū)儆诘谒膯卧谑n第一框題。其內(nèi)容主要分兩目，第一目主要介紹價值的含義、人是社會一切財富的創(chuàng)造者、人的價值在于創(chuàng)造價值和對社會的責任和貢獻，以及對一個人的評價主要看他的貢獻等內(nèi)容。第二目主要介紹價值觀的導向作用，內(nèi)容包括價值觀的含義、價值觀對人們認識世界和改造世界的活動具有導向作用以及對人生道路的選擇具有導向作用。二、教學目標知識目標：1、識記價值和價值觀的基本含義；價值觀的導向作用。2、理解人的價值是什么？如何評價人的價值。3、運用所學知識及相關(guān)哲學原理，分析物的價值和人的價值的 不同，從中加深對人的價值的理解評論分析為什么對一個人的評價要看他的貢獻，而不是索取了多少。
人教版高中政治必修1財政收入與支出教案
（2）財政收支平衡是指當年財政收入等于支出，或收入大于支出略有節(jié)余，或支出大于收入略有赤字。（3）財政赤字是指當年財政支出大于財政收入的部分。赤字意味著要靠借債過日子，有可能導致社會總供給與總需求不平衡，引發(fā)通貨膨脹。必須把財政赤字控制在一定范圍之內(nèi)。教師活動：請同學們思考教材75頁虛框內(nèi)問題。學生活動：閱讀課本，認真思考，積極發(fā)言教師點評：發(fā)行國債可以增加財政收入，擴大政府投資，刺激消費需求，促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。但是國債發(fā)行規(guī)模過大，會增加政府還債負擔，不利于經(jīng)濟的長期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。在經(jīng)濟生活中，國家可以通過調(diào)整財政收入支出控制經(jīng)濟運行。當經(jīng)濟增長緩慢時，采取積極的財政政策，增加經(jīng)濟建設(shè)支出，減少稅收，以刺激需求，拉動經(jīng)濟增長。反之，當經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過熱時，采取緊縮性財政政策，減少財政支出，增加稅收，以抑制社會需求，降低通貨膨脹率，給經(jīng)濟降溫。
人教版高中地理必修2不同等級城市的服務功能教案
1、 前提條件：①環(huán)境幾乎一樣的平原地區(qū)，人口分布均勻2、 ②區(qū)域的運輸條件一致，影響運輸?shù)奈┮灰蛩厥蔷嚯x。城市六邊形服務范圍形成過程。（理解）a．當某一貨物的供應點只有少數(shù)幾個時，為了避免競爭、獲取最大利潤，供應點的距離不會太近，它們的服務范圍都是圓形的。 b．在利潤的吸引下，不斷有新的供應點出現(xiàn)，原有的服務范圍會因此而縮小。這時，該貨物的供應處于飽和。每個供應點的服務范圍仍是圓形的，并彼此相切c．如果每個供應點的服務范圍都是圓形相切卻不重疊的話，圓與圓之間就會存在空白區(qū)。這里的消費者如果都選擇最近的供應點來尋求服務的話，空白區(qū)又可以分割咸三部分，分別屬于三個離其最近的供應點。[思考]①圖2．15中城市有幾個等級？②找出表示每一等級六邊形服務范圍的線條顏色？③敘述不同等級城市之間服務范圍及其相互關(guān)系？3、理論基礎(chǔ)：德國南部城市4、意義：運用這種理論來指導區(qū)域規(guī)劃、城市建設(shè)和商業(yè)網(wǎng)點的布局。1、 應用——“荷蘭圩田居民點的設(shè)置”。