(4)評(píng)價(jià)民主通過對(duì)雅典公民享有充分的言論自由的介紹及展示伯利克里的講話、陶片放逐法,使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到,雅典的民主在統(tǒng)治階級(jí)內(nèi)部已經(jīng)達(dá)到了非常高的層次,并促進(jìn)了希臘人完整人格的形成。通過伯利克里講話、圖片、文字分別講述希臘人重責(zé)任感、渴求知識(shí)的民族性格,并請(qǐng)學(xué)生朗讀有關(guān)雅典人生活的有關(guān)文字,讓學(xué)生在閱讀中感情逐漸升溫,引發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)民主的充分認(rèn)同及對(duì)雅典人重精神生活的無限神往。問題設(shè)置:讓學(xué)生思考雅典民主政治對(duì)后世西方政治制度的重大影響。同時(shí)指出“民主是不可抗拒的歷史潮流!”讓學(xué)生在原有知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上認(rèn)識(shí)民主政治的必然性。用書中的兩段材料分析希臘民主政治的特征和實(shí)質(zhì),分析其影響。4.課堂小結(jié)對(duì)本課內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概括性的總結(jié)5.知能訓(xùn)練,運(yùn)用遷移體現(xiàn)一定的層次性,滿足不同層次學(xué)生的要求。6.布置作業(yè)撰寫歷史論文首先布置論文范圍、主題;其次進(jìn)行舉例;最后提供相關(guān)查閱資料的網(wǎng)址。
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
⑦在我看來, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的狀語)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的狀語)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的狀語)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定語)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定語)Summary:1. 不定式的結(jié)構(gòu):to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子,我們知道在描述太空探索時(shí),動(dòng)詞不定式不僅可以用來表目的,還可以用來作定語,表修飾。
另一方面,其余的人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃,因?yàn)樗赡軙?huì)導(dǎo)致一些不好的影響。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我堅(jiān)信探索太空不僅能夠使我們了解宇宙的起源而且能夠幫助我們更好地走進(jìn)未來。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.為了給人類的短期和長期問題提供更新和更好的解決方法,我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間和金錢來探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看來,年輕人過度依賴手機(jī)是不對(duì)的,因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡軙?huì)對(duì)他們的身心健康都有害。最近你班同學(xué)就“人類是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)行宇宙探索”這個(gè)問題進(jìn)行了激烈的討論。有人認(rèn)為,探索宇宙不僅讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展,還可以用來指導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),以及把一些探索太空的高新技術(shù)用于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活;也有一些人認(rèn)為探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影響了人們的生活水平。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下情況寫一篇報(bào)告并發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。注意:1.寫作內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以上全部要點(diǎn),可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,使上下文連貫;
本節(jié)課選自《普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)學(xué)教科書-必修一》(人 教A版)第五章《三角函數(shù)》,本節(jié)課是第1課時(shí),本節(jié)主要介紹推廣角的概念,引入正角、負(fù)角、零角的定義,象限角的概念以及終邊相同的角的表示法。樹立運(yùn)動(dòng)變化的觀點(diǎn),并由此進(jìn)一步理解推廣后的角的概念。教學(xué)方法可以選用討論法,通過實(shí)際問題,如時(shí)針與分針、體操等等都能形成角的流念,給學(xué)生以直觀的印象,形成正角、負(fù)角、零角的概念,明確規(guī)定角的概念,通過具體問題讓學(xué)生從不同角度理解終邊相同的角,從特殊到一般歸納出終邊相同的角的表示方法。A.了解任意角的概念;B.掌握正角、負(fù)角、零角及象限角的定義,理解任意角的概念;C.掌握終邊相同的角的表示方法;D.會(huì)判斷角所在的象限。 1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:角的概念;2.邏輯推理:象限角的表示;3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:判斷角所在象限;4.直觀想象:從特殊到一般的數(shù)學(xué)思想方法;
學(xué)生在初中學(xué)習(xí)了 ~ ,但是現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中隨處可見超出 ~ 范圍的角.例如體操中有“前空翻轉(zhuǎn)體 ”,且主動(dòng)輪和被動(dòng)輪的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向不一致.因此為了準(zhǔn)確描述這些現(xiàn)象,本節(jié)課主要就旋轉(zhuǎn)度數(shù)和旋轉(zhuǎn)方向?qū)堑母拍钸M(jìn)行推廣.課程目標(biāo)1.了解任意角的概念.2.理解象限角的概念及終邊相同的角的含義.3.掌握判斷象限角及表示終邊相同的角的方法.?dāng)?shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)1.數(shù)學(xué)抽象:理解任意角的概念,能區(qū)分各類角;2.邏輯推理:求區(qū)域角;3.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算:會(huì)判斷象限角及終邊相同的角.重點(diǎn):理解象限角的概念及終邊相同的角的含義;難點(diǎn):掌握判斷象限角及表示終邊相同的角的方法.教學(xué)方法:以學(xué)生為主體,采用誘思探究式教學(xué),精講多練。教學(xué)工具:多媒體。一、 情景導(dǎo)入初中對(duì)角的定義是:射線OA繞端點(diǎn)O按逆時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)一周回到起始位置,在這個(gè)過程中可以得到 ~ 范圍內(nèi)的角.但是現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中隨處可見超出 ~ 范圍的角.例如體操中有“前空翻轉(zhuǎn)體 ”,且主動(dòng)輪和被動(dòng)輪的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向不一致.
4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[歸納]1.過去將來時(shí)的基本構(gòu)成和用法過去將來時(shí)由“would+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,主要表示從過去某一時(shí)間來看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(尤其用于賓語從句中),還可以表示過去的動(dòng)作習(xí)慣或傾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示過去將來時(shí)的其他表達(dá)法(1)was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形:該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個(gè)主要用法,一是表示過去的打算,二是表示在過去看來有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+動(dòng)詞原形:主要表示過去按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+動(dòng)詞原形:表示在過去看來即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,由于本身已含有“即將”的意味,所以不再與表示具體的將來時(shí)間狀語連用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞:表示在過去看來即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,通??捎糜谠摻Y(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬間動(dòng)詞。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
3、重要語句的理解“可是一個(gè)人并不是生來要給打敗的,你盡可把它消滅掉,可就是打不敗他。”解析:這是老人第一次回合之后的內(nèi)心獨(dú)白,也是此小說的核心精神,充分體現(xiàn)了老人桑地亞哥的生命理念。整句話可以分為兩部分來理解,前句告訴我們,人生活在自然與社會(huì)當(dāng)中,必不可少要面臨一些坎坷、磨難,這些磨難、坎坷完全可以造成軀體的消滅、消亡,這是人生命的脆弱性。后句,面對(duì)挫折,只要保持一種樂觀的精神,擁有一顆堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的心靈,那么,人類執(zhí)著奮斗的精神將永不磨滅。4、象征主義題目是《老人與海》,而表明上,小說是寫一位老人及其在海上的經(jīng)歷,但實(shí)際上,老人的形象極具概括性,他已經(jīng)超越了一個(gè)人的存在,而成為了人生的一種象征。老人桑地亞哥就是“硬漢子”的代表,大海則是生命旅途的象征,鯊魚則是我們行走中的“強(qiáng)物”,厄運(yùn)的象征。人的一生不可能一帆風(fēng)順,不經(jīng)歷風(fēng)雨,怎能見彩虹,走在人生路途中,不可避免我們都要遇到挫折,被厄運(yùn)所阻撓,只有經(jīng)歷與“鯊魚”的較量,才能成為強(qiáng)者,唱出最美的歌。
一、人類遺傳病1.概念2.分類(1)單基因遺傳病(2)多基因遺傳病(3)染色體異常遺傳?、僭颌陬愋?遺傳病的特點(diǎn)4.遺傳病對(duì)人類的危害八、說布置作業(yè)在作業(yè)的布置中,我嚴(yán)格遵循“重質(zhì)量、輕負(fù)擔(dān)”的指導(dǎo)思想。第一題主要是為了幫助學(xué)生及時(shí)糾正原有的對(duì)知識(shí)的錯(cuò)誤理解或片面認(rèn)識(shí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的解題技巧和技能。所以我選用了該題。同時(shí)想借助該題培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)問題的科學(xué)的思維方法和探究的精神。幫助學(xué)生提高對(duì)信息技術(shù)運(yùn)用的熟練程度,發(fā)展學(xué)生的信息素養(yǎng)。附作業(yè):1、連線題,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們連線指出下列遺傳各屬于何種類型?(1)苯丙酮尿病 A、單基因遺傳?。?)21三體綜合征(3)抗維生素D佝僂病 B、多基因遺傳?。?)軟骨發(fā)育不全(5)青少年型糖尿病 C、常染色體病2、以生物小組為單位進(jìn)行人類遺傳病的調(diào)查。
(明確:“寡人之于國也,盡心焉耳矣”,但“寡人之民不加多,何也?”)②他認(rèn)為自己對(duì)國家政務(wù)盡心盡力了,他有哪些具體做法?(明確:移民移粟)③第2—4節(jié)中孟子是怎樣說明梁惠王移民移粟的措施與“鄰國之政”并無本質(zhì)區(qū)別的?(明確:孟子不直接回答“民不加多”的問題,而是用梁惠王熟悉的“戰(zhàn)”設(shè)喻——設(shè)圈套,誘使對(duì)方在不知不覺中說出“不可,直不百步耳,是亦走也?!保苊献诱J(rèn)為怎樣才能做到“王道之始”?要想“王道之成”還需采取哪些措施?(明確:“不違農(nóng)時(shí),谷不可勝食也。數(shù)罟不入氵夸池,魚鱉不可勝食也。斧斤以時(shí)入山林,材木不可勝用也。谷與魚鱉不可勝食,材木不可勝用五畝之宅,樹之以桑,五十者可以衣帛矣。雞豚狗彘之畜,無失其時(shí),七十者可以食肉矣。百畝之田,勿奪其時(shí),數(shù)口之家,可以無饑矣。謹(jǐn)庫序之教,申之以孝涕之義,頒白者不負(fù)戴于道路矣。)這一小步的目的是想讓學(xué)生通過這些問題的解答,可以進(jìn)一步理清思路,掌握文的大概內(nèi)容。
3.甲午中日戰(zhàn)爭中國戰(zhàn)敗的原因 對(duì)于“中國戰(zhàn)敗的原因”這一難點(diǎn)的突破,主要通過設(shè)置問題“中國之?dāng)≡趯?shí)力遜于日本嗎?”通過幻燈片全方位分析其實(shí)中國的綜合國力當(dāng)時(shí)是強(qiáng)于日本的。并且在戰(zhàn)前,日本毫無取勝的把握。讓學(xué)生結(jié)合剛學(xué)習(xí)過的戰(zhàn)爭原因和經(jīng)過進(jìn)行討論,從多方面分析中國戰(zhàn)敗的原因。經(jīng)過討論,學(xué)生可以得出以下結(jié)論:避戰(zhàn)自保方針,沒有積極備戰(zhàn),將領(lǐng)臨陣脫逃,教師肯定并總結(jié)答案進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。中日對(duì)比:中國士兵出身農(nóng)民,軍事訓(xùn)練落后,散兵游勇;日本士兵出身武士,訓(xùn)練有素;中國將領(lǐng)大多臨陣脫逃,并相互猜忌,受當(dāng)時(shí)惡劣的官風(fēng)影響;李鴻章深知北洋海軍實(shí)情,缺乏軍費(fèi),軍備廢弛。為政治資本奉行避戰(zhàn)自保政策,慈禧太后挪用海軍軍費(fèi)過壽,支持李鴻章。使中方處于被動(dòng)的局面,一再貽誤戰(zhàn)機(jī)。而日本在天皇的帶動(dòng)下,全民備戰(zhàn),做了充分的戰(zhàn)爭準(zhǔn)備。
In this step, give students a few minutes to read the passage . While they are reading, I will write some key words of the text on the blackboard. Then ask students to retell the passage according to the key words.By retelling, students can improve their ability of language organization and have an overall understanding of the article.Step 4 Group discussionIn this step, students will be divided into groups of 4 to discussion the following question: What qualities make a great person?After their discussion, invite a few groups to make a report to the class.This group discussion can practice students’ oral English and cultivate their abilities of cooperation and communication.Step 5. HomeworkLet students write a short passage to introduce a great person he or she admires.The homework can consolidate the knowledge the students have learned and cultivate their writing ability. Part 6 Blackboard Design(板書設(shè)計(jì))That’s all my teaching procedures. Finally, I’d like to say sth about part 6 blackboard design. On the top is the title. On the left, there will be some new words and expressions. In the middle of the blackboard, I will write some useful sentence structures so that the students can know clearly what they’ve learned and then try to master the knowledge.OK. That’s all for my presentation. Thank you for your attention.
一、教材分析1、教學(xué)對(duì)象分析《再別康橋》的教學(xué)對(duì)象是高一學(xué)生,高一學(xué)生往往對(duì)那種純粹的、原始的、本真的情感體會(huì)較為膚淺,《再別康橋》是新月派詩人徐志摩的傳世之作,有極高美學(xué)價(jià)值,它所抒發(fā)的離愁別緒是人類共同的情感經(jīng)歷,通過誦讀容易將學(xué)生帶人詩境,喚醒他們沉寂的真情,從而引起強(qiáng)烈的共鳴。 2、教材地位及作用 高中語文第一冊(cè)第一單元為詩歌單元,本單元收錄了中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代的一些優(yōu)秀詩篇?!对賱e康橋》安排在本單元的第二課,屬于必讀課。雖然本詩向來眾說紛紜,但其藝術(shù)之美人所共知,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生高尚的審美情趣和良好的審美創(chuàng)造力是語文學(xué)科的任務(wù),因此,從語言賞析入手,從情感體驗(yàn)切入,就可以讓學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)本課體會(huì)現(xiàn)代詩歌的特點(diǎn),多方面感受體悟詩歌的情感,受到美的熏陶。
探究、討論、交流:1、包弟討人喜歡,作者卻不得不將它送走,為什么?2、送走包弟后,作者為什么先是感覺輕松,隨后覺得沉重?3、“您的小狗怎樣?”這句話反復(fù)出現(xiàn),有什么用意?4、“整整十三年零五個(gè)月過去了”“整整”一詞有什么作用?5、“滿園的創(chuàng)傷使我的心仿佛又給放在油鍋里熬煎”這句話如何理解?6、“我懷念包弟,我想向它表示歉意?!比绾卫斫猓繉W(xué)生各抒己見后教師結(jié)合材料發(fā)表看法明確總結(jié)特別是最后一個(gè)問題得出作者這發(fā)之心底的語言,不僅僅是歉意,更是發(fā)自靈魂深處的懺悔!是對(duì)生命的尊重,是一個(gè)有良知的作家對(duì)反省歷史的呼號(hào)。第三環(huán)節(jié)“認(rèn)識(shí)你自己”——懺悔意識(shí)與我引導(dǎo)學(xué)生正視和反省成長過程中曾犯下過錯(cuò)。并布置課后作業(yè):要求學(xué)生課后在本周隨筆中談反省懺悔后的感受。
4、本文的重點(diǎn)是說辭,雖僅百余字,卻委婉曲折,步步進(jìn)逼,層層深入,表現(xiàn)出高超的勸說藝術(shù)、游說技巧。讓學(xué)生細(xì)細(xì)品味并概括說辭中包含幾層意思。第一層(“秦、晉圍鄭,鄭既知亡矣”),分析形勢,以退為進(jìn),博得好感。第二層(“若亡鄭而有益于君”至“君之薄也”),亡鄭陪鄰,動(dòng)搖聯(lián)盟。第三層(“若舍鄭以為東道主”至“君亦無所害”),存鄭有益,利益引誘。第四層(“且君嘗為晉君賜矣”至“唯君圖之”),追溯歷史,深入離間??梢姞T之武面對(duì)大國的君主,巧舌如簧,不卑不亢,從容辭令,既不刺激對(duì)方也不失本國尊嚴(yán),語言的分寸掌握得恰到好處。表現(xiàn)出燭之武機(jī)智善辯的外交才能。5、面對(duì)風(fēng)云突變的局勢,晉侯沒有感情用事,而表現(xiàn)了清醒的頭腦和理智的判斷。這種隱忍不發(fā)、隨機(jī)應(yīng)變的胸懷和謀略,正是晉文公終成霸業(yè)的根本原因。設(shè)計(jì)意圖:本環(huán)節(jié)的重點(diǎn)是全面把握燭之武這一人物性格特征,以及退秦師過程中體現(xiàn)出的非凡的膽識(shí)以及高超的謀略和語言藝術(shù)。
一、說教材《短歌行》是普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書必修(二)第二單元的一篇略讀課文,本單元安排的是先秦到南北朝時(shí)期的詩歌?!抖谈栊小肥侵渭摇④娛录?、文學(xué)家曹操的作品。詩中抓住“憂”字來寫詩人為什么“憂”,如何解“憂”,從而表達(dá)希望能夠招攬人才、完成統(tǒng)一天下的雄心壯志。所以本單元安排《短歌行》一詩,對(duì)學(xué)生全面了解曹操,感受曹操在短暫的人生中竭力創(chuàng)造偉業(yè)的氣概。二、說學(xué)生我這一課的教學(xué)對(duì)象是高一學(xué)生。他們進(jìn)入高中學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間只有三個(gè)多月,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成了必修(一)的學(xué)習(xí)。學(xué)習(xí)了現(xiàn)代詩歌單元,有了一定的詩歌學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ),初步掌握了讀詩的基本方法,但是還未能形成成熟的穩(wěn)定的學(xué)習(xí)方式。同時(shí),本單元學(xué)習(xí)是高中第一次接觸古代詩歌,詩歌語言上的障礙和時(shí)間上的跨度對(duì)他們來說都是學(xué)習(xí)上的困難。因此教師要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí),合作學(xué)習(xí),為他們?cè)O(shè)置新的學(xué)習(xí)情境,提供合作探究的機(jī)會(huì)。