Finally, after finishing the task above, the teacher is expected to instruct students to work in groups to finish the following project:Speaking ProjectWhat event or activity would you like to invite your friend to? Make a conversation with a partner.Ski Race: Zhangjiakou, a beautiful city in northern China, will host the Youth Ski Race in December.Track Meet: a great event for track –and –field lovers on 26 October.Gym Class: come and work out at a gym! You can make it.Part 2: Listening and Talking:The teacher is advised to talk with their new students about the related topic: Boys and girls , what do you think of sportsmanship? Let’s listen and find out:Play the listening and match each opinion with the right speaker. Who do you agree with? Why?Cao Jing _____________ Lily _____________ Max _____________A. An athlete should do his/her best to win.B. The girl should stop and help the other girl. Good sportsmanship is more important than wining!C. An athlete should think about honor and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.Listen again and circle the expressions that you hear in the conversation.
【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: tag questions.This period carries a considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ spoken English. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercise of good quality.【教學(xué)目標(biāo)與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of tag questions.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Develop students’ speaking and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.【教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)】1. How to enable students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of tag questions.2. How to enable students to use the basic usages of tag questions flexibly.【教學(xué)過(guò)程】Step1: 語(yǔ)法自主探究一、基本組成方法1.肯定式陳述部分+否定附加疑問(wèn)部分(前肯后否) You often play badminton, don’t you? 你經(jīng)常打羽毛球,是嗎?You are going to the gym with me, aren’t you?你要和我一起去健身房,是嗎?She’s been to shanghai before, hasn’t she? 她以前去過(guò)上海,是嗎?2.否定式陳述部分+肯定附加疑問(wèn)部分(前否后肯) It isn't a beautiful flower, is it? 那不是美麗的花,是嗎?You didn't go skating yesterday, did you? 你昨天沒(méi)去滑冰,是嗎?They can’t finish it by Friday, can they?他們不能在星期五之前完成,是嗎?
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ),它通常位于系動(dòng)詞后面,用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語(yǔ)的特質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞; 另一種具體說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容, 即主語(yǔ)等同于表語(yǔ), 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)令人激動(dòng)。The result is disappointing. 結(jié)果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂(lè)。Seeing is believing. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Instruct students to get main facts by listening and motivate them to talk about the topics about how to prepare for the trip and make reservations by listening and ultimately can make travel arrangements and reservations. 2. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual thinking capability. 3. Develop students’ different listening skills to solve different listening comprehensive problems.4. Help students to understand how to use the structures “the present continuous tense (be doing) is used to express future plans.【教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)】1. Teach students how to focus on key words, not on single words or grammar.2. Prompt Ss to talk about the related topics, such as how to prepare for the trip and make a travel plan.【教學(xué)過(guò)程】Step 1: Listening and SpeakingLead inThe teacher is advised to talk with their students about the places that they want to travel most both at home and abroad: boys and girls, if you have a chance to travel around the world, where will you go? After their small talk, the teacher can move on by finishing the following listening task:Before travelling, what do we need to prepare for the trip?
一、說(shuō)教材《說(shuō)“木葉”》這篇文學(xué)論文位于統(tǒng)編版高中語(yǔ)文必修下冊(cè)第三單元。本單元對(duì)應(yīng)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)群是“實(shí)用性閱讀與交流”,人文主題是“探索與創(chuàng)新”,語(yǔ)文素養(yǎng)是“學(xué)習(xí)閱讀知識(shí)性讀物,理清文章思路,學(xué)習(xí)闡釋說(shuō)明、邏輯推理的方法,體會(huì)語(yǔ)言的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)準(zhǔn)確,發(fā)展科學(xué)思維”。《說(shuō)“木葉”》提出了中國(guó)古典詩(shī)歌為何用“‘木葉’而不用‘樹(shù)葉’、又由‘木葉’發(fā)展為‘落木’的疑問(wèn)”,繼而分析了“木”字的兩個(gè)藝術(shù)特征,解決了上述疑問(wèn),闡發(fā)了中國(guó)古典詩(shī)歌語(yǔ)言的暗示性。二、說(shuō)學(xué)情高一年級(jí)下學(xué)期的學(xué)生已經(jīng)接觸過(guò)不少實(shí)用性論說(shuō)類文本,例如統(tǒng)編版九年級(jí)上冊(cè)《論教養(yǎng)》《談創(chuàng)造性思維》等文章。本學(xué)段的學(xué)生已經(jīng)掌握了“論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證”的相關(guān)知識(shí),并且發(fā)展了一定的邏輯思維能力,這為《說(shuō)“木葉”》的講授提供了學(xué)習(xí)支架。但《說(shuō)“木葉”》這篇文學(xué)論文,篇幅長(zhǎng)達(dá)三千字,使用了專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),運(yùn)用大量詩(shī)詞舉例,這些是給學(xué)生閱讀造成困難的原因。
這五個(gè)問(wèn)題,主要從學(xué)情出發(fā),由淺入深,從感知到理論,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的鑒賞能力。第三環(huán)節(jié):延伸探究、展示成果(多媒體顯示)走出文本,引入課外同類文學(xué)現(xiàn)象,讓學(xué)生能夠觸類旁通,舉一反三,把教材作為一個(gè)例子,讓學(xué)生在深入的文學(xué)鑒賞中再次獲得語(yǔ)言的審美。同學(xué)們初步掌握了文學(xué)語(yǔ)言具有暗示性的性質(zhì)后,還需鞏固、提升鑒賞能力!這里我采取的方法是:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)真閱讀文本,經(jīng)小組合作探究后,得出本組的鑒賞成果并加以展示,這里重在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的理解能力和分析綜合能力。問(wèn)題是:1、 請(qǐng)結(jié)合下面三首詞的意境,選用殘紅、落紅、亂紅填空。2、 閱讀下面這些句子,理解“燕”在詞語(yǔ)中的暗示意義。該環(huán)節(jié)充分體現(xiàn)了 “ 教師為主導(dǎo),學(xué)生為主體”的原則。老師的適時(shí)點(diǎn)撥,讓學(xué)生的鑒賞思路更加清晰。學(xué)生通過(guò)合作探究,理解能力和分析綜合能力得到了提升。
④結(jié)合杜甫的身世遭遇,你認(rèn)為這里的“艱難苦恨”包含著哪些情感?第五步是拓展延伸對(duì)比閱讀李白的《夢(mèng)游天姥吟留別》,討論詩(shī)體形式與詩(shī)人情感抒發(fā)之間的關(guān)系。第六步是達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)我將緊扣考試題型,以理解性默寫的形式,當(dāng)堂檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生對(duì)詩(shī)歌的掌握情況第三環(huán):課后跟蹤課后作業(yè):①背誦并默寫詩(shī)歌②鑒賞詩(shī)歌《秋興八首》 (其一) ,找出詩(shī)歌所用意象,體會(huì)意境,表達(dá)情感。玉露凋傷楓樹(shù)林,巫山巫峽氣蕭森。江間波浪兼天涌,塞上風(fēng)云接地陰。叢菊兩開(kāi)他日淚,孤舟一系故園心。寒衣處處催刀尺,搗衣砧上拂還來(lái)。最后,我來(lái)說(shuō)一說(shuō)我的板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì),我的板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)潔明了,清晰直觀,能夠突出本課的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。以上就是我本說(shuō)課的全部?jī)?nèi)容,再次感謝各位考官的聆聽(tīng)!
3、通過(guò)分析理解作者是如何在典型環(huán)境中刻畫(huà)出典型人物的。(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:因?yàn)椤镀胀ǜ咧姓Z(yǔ)文新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中要求學(xué)生把握?qǐng)?bào)告文學(xué)的語(yǔ)言特色,所以需要分析文中重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)句的語(yǔ)言特色。同時(shí),由于報(bào)告文學(xué)的藝術(shù)價(jià)值體現(xiàn)在文學(xué)性上,它不能像新聞報(bào)道那樣,只有事件梗概,它必須刻畫(huà)人物形象,必須有環(huán)境等方面的描寫,加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)言的藝術(shù)感染力,所以在教學(xué)過(guò)程中要注重對(duì)典型環(huán)境中的典型人物的分析。)三、課時(shí)安排:兩課時(shí)四、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì):(第一課時(shí)的教學(xué)過(guò)程)1、通過(guò)表格來(lái)對(duì)比分析報(bào)告文學(xué)與新聞的異同點(diǎn)。使學(xué)生明確理解到報(bào)告文學(xué)的藝術(shù)價(jià)值在于它的文學(xué)性,而其文學(xué)性主要通過(guò)對(duì)人物的刻畫(huà)、環(huán)境的描寫等方面的文學(xué)手段的綜合運(yùn)用。2、為了更好的了解本文,要學(xué)生相互分享收集到的時(shí)代背景資料及作者簡(jiǎn)介。3、讓學(xué)生快速瀏覽課文找出本文的表層結(jié)構(gòu),初步感知到本文的表層結(jié)構(gòu)是按照時(shí)間順序來(lái)敘述描寫包身工一天的活動(dòng)及按事物發(fā)展的順序敘述包身工制度的產(chǎn)生發(fā)展及膨大。
第一環(huán)節(jié):落實(shí)基礎(chǔ),整體感知由于本課含有較多的通假字,詞類活用和文言句式,如:“離騷者,猶離憂也”中的“離”通罹難的“罹”,以及注釋中并沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)的“齊與楚從親”的“從”通“縱”,合縱的意思。 “秦虎狼之地”中的“虎狼”是名詞做狀語(yǔ)。還有判斷句如“屈原者,名平,楚之同姓也?!钡取W衷~是學(xué)生讀懂文章的基礎(chǔ),教師請(qǐng)數(shù)位學(xué)生通過(guò)逐段朗讀結(jié)合教師的講解,既訂正了字音,又梳理的文言實(shí)、虛詞和文言句式,體現(xiàn)了語(yǔ)文是基礎(chǔ)性和工具性學(xué)科。疏通字詞和句子后,教師請(qǐng)學(xué)生默讀課文,劃分層次,提取圈點(diǎn)出關(guān)鍵詞。學(xué)生邊讀邊思考,教師和學(xué)生一起完成本課提綱,教師根據(jù)學(xué)生答復(fù)適時(shí)板書(shū)。(板書(shū)內(nèi)容見(jiàn)第四)此外,對(duì)于文本的第12自然段,出現(xiàn)了屈原和漁父的對(duì)話,教師請(qǐng)學(xué)生分角色朗讀,領(lǐng)會(huì)人物的情感,又可以活潑課堂氣氛和激發(fā)學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)欲、求知欲。
一、說(shuō)教材(一)、 說(shuō)教材的地位與作用本單元屬于“中國(guó)革命傳統(tǒng)作品研習(xí)任務(wù)群”板塊,學(xué)習(xí)的是新聞和報(bào)告文學(xué)。要求學(xué)生體會(huì)學(xué)生在新時(shí)代人民當(dāng)家做主的豪情和壯志,繼承并發(fā)揚(yáng)愛(ài)國(guó)主義情感。這篇文章是一篇報(bào)告文學(xué),通過(guò)分析這類文體的主要內(nèi)容和寫作特點(diǎn)能培養(yǎng)學(xué)生閱讀報(bào)告性文。(二)、說(shuō)課標(biāo)《普通高中語(yǔ)文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》要求,學(xué)習(xí)報(bào)告性文學(xué)要理解其基本內(nèi)容和社會(huì)影響,因此根據(jù)課程要求,我會(huì)重點(diǎn)講解包身工的遭遇,并通過(guò)對(duì)包身工遭遇的分析來(lái)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生把握作品。(三)、說(shuō)教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),結(jié)合本單元學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)以及文體特點(diǎn)我制定如下教學(xué)目標(biāo):1. 知識(shí)與能力了解報(bào)告文學(xué)的一般特征與結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),提高閱讀能力和篩選信息能力。2. 過(guò)程與方法通過(guò)對(duì)課文的主要內(nèi)容和寫作特點(diǎn)的分析,體會(huì)文章主旨,把握?qǐng)?bào)告文學(xué)的特征。3. 情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀認(rèn)識(shí)包身工制度的殘酷與罪惡,尊重人權(quán)及勞動(dòng)權(quán)利,關(guān)注社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí),提高社會(huì)責(zé)任感。
教師深情旁白,歌手的動(dòng)情演唱,讓學(xué)生會(huì)沉浸在夫妻之情、家國(guó)之愛(ài)的深深思索中,此時(shí)的課堂氣氛應(yīng)是沉靜的。學(xué)生在這種情感體驗(yàn)中,一定能寫出很精彩的對(duì)話]為了將這種課堂的高潮氣氛不至于因?qū)W習(xí)問(wèn)題的轉(zhuǎn)移而跌落,我又設(shè)計(jì)了過(guò)渡語(yǔ),在同學(xué)們的思緒有點(diǎn)紊亂中(我預(yù)想此時(shí)同學(xué)們的思緒是這樣的),教師說(shuō):畢竟,藕斷絲連的婦女們,對(duì)丈夫的不辭而別心存依戀?;蛟S她們還有許多悄悄話還未來(lái)得及向自己心愛(ài)的丈夫表白;或許她們?yōu)檎煞虻陌踩栾埐凰迹换蛟S她們有一日不見(jiàn),如隔三秋的感覺(jué)。因此,幾個(gè)青年婦女就聚在水生家里商量探夫的事。雖然我們未能參與其中,但我們可以聽(tīng)其聲,見(jiàn)其人,感其情。不信請(qǐng)……)(這就實(shí)現(xiàn)了課堂教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)的自然巧秒過(guò)渡,也同樣展示了我的上課風(fēng)格)
首先請(qǐng)同學(xué)設(shè)想:“如果你是作者,當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備寫一篇以包身工為題材的文章時(shí),會(huì)從哪些方面選材?”而“本文又是如何將這些材料組織起來(lái)的?”這一環(huán)節(jié)能夠使學(xué)生參與到教學(xué)過(guò)程中來(lái),通過(guò)問(wèn)題能夠引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注本文的選材類型和表達(dá)方式,區(qū)分文中穿插的感性、理性材料,從而理解報(bào)告文學(xué)兼文學(xué)性、議論性于一體的文學(xué)特質(zhì)。然后請(qǐng)同學(xué)閱讀表現(xiàn)包身工起床情形的場(chǎng)面描寫(1-6段),并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析該段表達(dá)效果;再請(qǐng)同學(xué)們閱讀“蘆柴棒”被虐待段(16-20段),并引導(dǎo)同學(xué)們比較兩個(gè)片段在選材上有何區(qū)別,進(jìn)而歸納點(diǎn)面結(jié)合的手法的藝術(shù)效果。最后請(qǐng)學(xué)生找出文中其他運(yùn)用點(diǎn)面結(jié)合手法的段落,并嘗試自主分析。這一環(huán)節(jié)能夠引導(dǎo)學(xué)生直觀地感受本文場(chǎng)面描寫的作用,并分析點(diǎn)面結(jié)合手法的藝術(shù)效果,同時(shí)也讓學(xué)生通過(guò)練習(xí)探究掌握分析該手法的方法。
三、教學(xué)方法為了突出重點(diǎn),突破難點(diǎn),完成教學(xué)目標(biāo),選擇行之有效的教學(xué)方法是非常關(guān)鍵的。根據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求和本節(jié)課的特點(diǎn),為了關(guān)注學(xué)生的個(gè)體差異和不同的學(xué)習(xí)需求,充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生閱讀和分析文章的能力,我主要采用以下的教學(xué)方法:1、懸念導(dǎo)入法。用懸念導(dǎo)入能激發(fā)起學(xué)生對(duì)文言文閱讀的興趣,充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的主動(dòng)性。2、根據(jù)教師主導(dǎo)作用與學(xué)生主動(dòng)性相結(jié)合的原則,選擇了以語(yǔ)言傳遞信息為主的方法,講授法。四、學(xué)法通過(guò)初中的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生對(duì)古文知識(shí)已經(jīng)有了一定的掌握,但是對(duì)這種古代散文比較少見(jiàn),特別是敘史和議論結(jié)合的寫法更是陌生。所以學(xué)習(xí)這篇課文的時(shí)候,通過(guò)反復(fù)地誦讀,分析句型,對(duì)比句型的意思,達(dá)到疏通文意,這樣,學(xué)生通過(guò)朗讀理解法、質(zhì)疑提問(wèn)法、自主討論探究法能復(fù)述課文,了解文章層次,理解文章主旨含義。
活動(dòng)一:整體感知,梳理要點(diǎn)新修訂《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》指出:重視學(xué)生的思維發(fā)展與提升,如直覺(jué)思維、形象思維、抽象思維等。為此,我設(shè)計(jì)了“梳理要點(diǎn)、繪制思維導(dǎo)圖”兩個(gè)部分,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在閱讀中整體感知文本。1、梳理章節(jié)要點(diǎn),明確內(nèi)容要素《家族》:以西洋家庭特點(diǎn)為對(duì)照,分析中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)土社會(huì)家庭的特點(diǎn)?!赌信袆e》:主要討論鄉(xiāng)土社會(huì)感情定向的問(wèn)題,偏向同性交往,遏制男女交往。2、展示思維導(dǎo)圖,凸顯整體關(guān)聯(lián)引導(dǎo)同學(xué)制作多種思維導(dǎo)圖:流程圖式、樹(shù)狀圖式、爪形圖式活動(dòng)二:走進(jìn)文本,深化認(rèn)知新修訂《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》指出:學(xué)會(huì)語(yǔ)文運(yùn)用的方法,有效地提高語(yǔ)文能力,并在學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言文字運(yùn)用的過(guò)程中促進(jìn)方法、習(xí)慣及情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀的綜合發(fā)展。所以在教學(xué)中我引導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握整本書(shū)閱讀的基本方法,即以速讀、跳讀的方式地毯式地搜索書(shū)中關(guān)于“中西家庭差別”的內(nèi)容,得出鄉(xiāng)土家族的六個(gè)方面的特點(diǎn),學(xué)生分別結(jié)合生活中的現(xiàn)象闡述了這六個(gè)方面的特點(diǎn)在生活中的具體體現(xiàn)。
(二)初讀課文,整體感知首先教師對(duì)作者進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單介紹,再要求學(xué)生速讀課文,讓學(xué)生初步感知課文內(nèi)容,歸納全文思路,邊讀邊思考PPT上的問(wèn)題。問(wèn)題:全文可以分成幾部分?此環(huán)節(jié)意在激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)主動(dòng)性,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自學(xué)能力。讀畢,我會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)生的自學(xué)情況進(jìn)行檢查反饋,鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生踴躍發(fā)言,說(shuō)出自己理解的寫作思路,最后教師對(duì)學(xué)生的答案進(jìn)行概括和總結(jié),此環(huán)節(jié)能夠讓學(xué)生對(duì)中國(guó)建筑的特征整體把握,夯實(shí)學(xué)習(xí)本文的基礎(chǔ),同時(shí)感知課文,理清文章脈絡(luò),實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)文短教,為析讀本文作好鋪墊。(三)析讀課文,質(zhì)疑問(wèn)難此環(huán)節(jié)是教學(xué)的重要階段,在這里,我會(huì)以新課標(biāo)為基準(zhǔn),做到閱讀指向每一個(gè)學(xué)生的個(gè)體閱讀,同時(shí)在教學(xué)過(guò)程中遵循啟發(fā)性,循序漸進(jìn)性的原則。此環(huán)節(jié)運(yùn)用小組合作學(xué)習(xí)法、討論法和問(wèn)答法分析中國(guó)建筑的特征。同學(xué)每四人為一小組討論P(yáng)PT上展示的問(wèn)題。
2.體味詩(shī)人的人生際遇,感受詩(shī)人憂國(guó)憂民的愛(ài)國(guó)情操?!裰攸c(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn):感受、品味詩(shī)歌的意境。難點(diǎn):對(duì)作者隱晦情感的把握?!窠鉀Q辦法1.指導(dǎo)朗讀,強(qiáng)化背誦。建議學(xué)生課前完熟讀甚至背誦6首詩(shī),這有助于學(xué)生初步了解詩(shī)意,以便較快進(jìn)人對(duì)詩(shī)作的理解,將教學(xué)重點(diǎn)放到把握、分析意境方面。2.提出問(wèn)題,重視體悟。精讀課要解決四個(gè)問(wèn)題:詩(shī)中寫了什么,怎么寫的,為什么寫,這樣寫的好處。聯(lián)想和想象是填補(bǔ)藝術(shù)空白、品賞意境的好辦法,就這一點(diǎn),教師在精讀課上要做出示范,自讀課可把填補(bǔ)的任務(wù)交給學(xué)生。3.補(bǔ)充史料,做好總結(jié)。論世知人,有利于理解詩(shī)歌。教師可提供適當(dāng)?shù)谋尘百Y料。4.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)鑒賞詩(shī)歌的方法:解題、釋句、入境、會(huì)意。