Welcome Unit–Discovering Useful Structures教案

教學(xué)目標(biāo)

1．通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)句子的基本句法成分和結(jié)構(gòu)，學(xué)會(huì)分析英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

2．識(shí)別英語(yǔ)基本句法結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)長(zhǎng)度較長(zhǎng)，內(nèi)容較為豐富的英語(yǔ)句子能夠做出正確的理解。

3．為英語(yǔ)句子寫作奠定扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)。

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)

識(shí)別并分析下面的句子結(jié)構(gòu)：SV; SVO; SP; SV IO DO; SVOC; SVA; SVOA; There be …

教學(xué)難點(diǎn)

能區(qū)別以下結(jié)構(gòu)：SP與SVA；SVOC與SVOA；

教學(xué)過(guò)程

導(dǎo)入新課

Period 1

I Learn the technical terms-1.

1. S (subject) 主語(yǔ)

2. V (verb) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

3. O (object) 賓語(yǔ)

4. P (predicative) 表語(yǔ)

5. A (adverbial) 狀語(yǔ)

6. DO (direct objective) 直接賓語(yǔ)

7. IO (indirect objective) 間接賓語(yǔ)

8. C (objective complement) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

9. There be … there be結(jié)構(gòu)

1．回答問(wèn)題

2．分組討論什么詞（詞性）可以充當(dāng)句子的“主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)”

學(xué)生需要掌握這些句子基本構(gòu)成成分的概念。這是正確理解英語(yǔ)句子內(nèi)容的基本保障。

講授新課

Period 2

II Learn the technical terms-2.

1. What can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and objective complement” in a sentence?

2. What can be used as “adverbial” in a sentence?

3. What can be used as “verb” in a sentence?

Answers to questions 1-3:

1. Nouns, pronouns and appellations can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and Objective Complement”. Besides, adjectives can be used as “Predicative and Objective Complement” in a sentence.

2. Adverbs and prepositional phrases can be used as “Adverbial”.

3. Verbs with actual meaning can be used as “Verb” in a sentence. Auxiliary verbs alone cannot be used as “Verb” in a sentence.

III Learn to recognize the sentence structures.

1. SV structure. For Example:

(1) A bird flies.

S V

(2) A monkey jumps.

S V

(3) A fish swims.

S V

√ In SV structures, verbs are “intransitive verbs”.

2. SVO structure. For Example:

(1) A sheep eats grass.

S V O

(2) They like bananas.

S V O

(3) He wants candy.

S V O

√ In SVO structures, verbs are “transitive verbs”.

3. SP structure. For Example:

(1) This is great.

S P

(2) He looks well.

S P

(3) She became a teacher.

S P

√ In SP structures, Predicatives are formed by “l(fā)ink verbs” and “adjectives or nouns”.

√ link verbs: be, become, grow, look, feel, taste, etc.

4. SV IO DO structure. For Example:

(1) He asked me a question.

S V IO DO

(2) Danny wrote me a letter.

S V IO DO

(3) Billy brought Sam a kite.

S V IO DO

√ In SV IO DO structures, the verbs are transitive and are followed by two objectives – pronouns or nouns as Indirect Objective, and nouns as Direct Objectives.

√ verb pattern: tell sb. sth.

5. SVOC structure. For Example:

(1) The war made him a hero.

S V O C

(2) They found the snake dead.

S V O C

(3) We call him Mr. Wood.

S V O C

√ In SVOC structures, the verb is transitive and is followed by an objectives and a complement. The complement here is used to show the situation of the object.

√ In SVOC structures, Objective complements can be nouns, adjectives, –ing phrases or –ed phrases.

6. SVA structure. For Example:

(1) It rained heavily.

S V A

(2) He coughed badly.

S V A

(3) The rabbit ran fast.

S V A

√ In SVA structures, the verb is intransitive and is followed by an adverbial.

7. SVOA structure. For Example:

(1) A sheep eats grass over there.

S V O A

(2) Mum makes lunch in the kitchen.

S V O A

(3) They liked the film very much.

S V O A

√ SVOA structure is formed by SVO structure plus an adverbial at the end.

8. There be structure. For Example:

(1) There is an apple on the table.

V S A

(2) There are 7 days in a week.

V S A

(3) There is milk and bread on the table.

V S A

√ In “There be…” structure, subject and verb “be” is inverted.

√ The number of “be” is decided by the very first subject followed.

IV Questions to think:

1. Look at the picture below and examine the sentence structures. What parts are shared by all of them?

2.In the eight basic structures, what is the more stable element and what is the most unstable element in a sentence?

V Read the sentences and analyse the structures.

1. The 100-year-old school lies in the center of the city.

S V A

2. We must act.

S V

3. The maths homework looks easy.

S P

4. The teacher found the classroom empty.

S V O C

5. My mum bought me a new dictionary.

S V IO DO

6. Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange studnent.

S V O

7. There is an English corner at our school.

V S A

8. We had chemistry in the newly built lab.

S V O A

VI Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.

1. That dream has come true!

S P

2. Tim and his classmates are living on a ship.

S V A

3. They also learn about ships and the sea.

S V O

4. Tim writes his parents every week and tells

S V O A V

them what happened on the ship.

IO DO

5. There’s always something exciting to do.

V S

6. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun.

S P

VII Answers to “IV Questions to think”

1. Each sentence shall have an “S” and a “V”.

2. “S” is relatively stable, compared to “V” - the most unstable part in English sentence.

1．學(xué)生逐個(gè)舉例子分析，窮盡可以充當(dāng)“S,V，O, P, A, DO, IO, C”等句子成分的詞性。

2．列表，判斷并總結(jié)可以作“主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ), 表語(yǔ),直接賓語(yǔ),間接賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”等成分的詞性。

3．學(xué)生做練習(xí)，分析句子成分。

4．逐個(gè)提問(wèn)學(xué)生，請(qǐng)學(xué)生通過(guò)看圖做出判斷。

5．逐個(gè)提問(wèn)學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題。

6．逐個(gè)提問(wèn)學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題。

1．學(xué)生進(jìn)行“頭腦風(fēng)暴”，通過(guò)分析，歸納，最后得出結(jié)論,嘗試回答問(wèn)題1-3。

2．區(qū)別“詞性”與“句子成分”的概念。

3．使學(xué)生熟練掌握這8種基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

4．培養(yǎng)學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察，對(duì)比分析的能力。同時(shí)，讓學(xué)生帶著問(wèn)題思考后面所做練習(xí)的意義。

5．練習(xí)識(shí)別基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

6．培訓(xùn)學(xué)生快速識(shí)別句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。

【課堂小結(jié)】

Period 3

Summary

In this period, we’ve learned about some important concepts of syntax.

1. The definitions of “S (subject), V (verb), O (object), P (predicative), A (adverbial), DO (direct object), IO (Indirect object) and C (object complement)”;

2. The morphologic features corresponding to “ S (subject), V (verb), O (object), P (predicative), A (adverbial), DO (direct object), IO (Indirect object) and C (object complement)”;

3. “V”, as the most unstable part in English sentence, decides all the varieties of the basic sentence structures.

4. The importance of learning verb patterns.

Home work:

1. Recite the meanings of the capitalized initials “S (subject), V (verb), O (object), P (predicative), A (adverbial), DO (direct object), IO (Indirect object) and C (object complement)”.

2. Think about the significance of distinguishing “transitive verbs” from “intransitive verbs”?

學(xué)生認(rèn)真閱讀該小結(jié)，回憶前面做過(guò)的練習(xí)和分析。

幫助學(xué)生梳理本節(jié)課的重要內(nèi)容